س

See also: ش‎, س࣪‎, and س-‎

س U+0633, س
ARABIC LETTER SEEN
← ز
[U+0632] 		Arabic ش →
[U+0634]
ﺱ U+FEB1, ﺱ
ARABIC LETTER SEEN ISOLATED FORM
← ﺰ
[U+FEB0] 		Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺲ →
[U+FEB2]
ﺲ U+FEB2, ﺲ
ARABIC LETTER SEEN FINAL FORM
← ﺱ
[U+FEB1] 		Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺳ →
[U+FEB3]
ﺳ U+FEB3, ﺳ
ARABIC LETTER SEEN INITIAL FORM
← ﺲ
[U+FEB2] 		Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺴ →
[U+FEB4]
ﺴ U+FEB4, ﺴ
ARABIC LETTER SEEN MEDIAL FORM
← ﺳ
[U+FEB3] 		Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺵ →
[U+FEB5]

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Nabataean 𐢝‎ (š), from Classical Syriac ܫ‎ (š), from Aramaic ש‬‎ (š), from Imperial Aramaic 𐡔‎ (š), from the Egyptian 𓌒.

Further information

This letter stood for /ʃ/ in Aramaic. 𐢖‎ was not adopted into the Arabic alphabet because of the following considerations:

Proto-Semitic has three fricatives that became sibilants in descendant languages: ś, š, s. In Arabic ś gave /ʃ/, but š and s merged to /s/. In Old Aramaic all three sibilants were distinguished, and s was represented by 𐢖‎ / ס‬‎ / 𐡎‎ while 𐢝‎ / ש‬‎ / 𐡔‎ represented both ś and š. This orthography persisted in later Aramaic even to the time of the Nabataeans, when the pronunciation of ś merged with that of s /s/.

So when a scribe wanted to write the Arabic sound /ʃ/ from ś, he did so by using 𐢝‎ / س purposefully in order to stick to a letter form that looks the same in the cognate Aramaic words. But when he wanted to write an Arabic sound /s/ from Proto-Semitic š, he would defy the Aramaic spelling for this Proto-Semitic phoneme were he to represent this Arabic phoneme by the sign 𐢖‎ / ס‬‎ / 𐡎‎, whereas Arabic-Aramaic word pairs with the Proto-Semitic s are – somewhat by coincidence – rare and there was hence only negligible pressure to employ 𐢖‎ / ܣ‎ / ס‎ / 𐡎‎, in total. So the impression was that 𐢝‎ / ש‬‎ / 𐡔‎ / س is the most typical sign to write /s/ while the other possible sign fell out of use.

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /siːn/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/

Letter

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س‎ • (sīn)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ز‎ (z) and followed by ش‎ (š).
  2. x, unknown mathematical variable

Symbol

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س‎ • (sīn)

  1. The fifteenth letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by ن‎ (n) and followed by ع‎ (ʕ).

See also

References
  • Diem, Werner (1980), “Untersuchungen zur frühen Geschichte der arabischen Orthographie: II. Die Schreibung der Konsonanten”, in Orientalia (in German), volume 49, issue 1, →DOI, pages 77–81

Etymology 2

Shortened form of سَوْفَ‎ (sawfa).

Particle

سَـ • (sa-)

  1. will (prefix indicating the future tense)
    ‏يَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا، سَيَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا‎
    yaqraʔu kitāban, sayaqraʔu kitāban
    He is reading a book, he will read a book.
Synonyms

Balti

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /s/, [s]

Letter

س (transliteration needed)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script

Burushaski

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /s/, [s]

Letter

س (transliteration needed)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script

Chinese

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /s/, [s], [ɕ]

Letter

س

  1. The sixteenth letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.

Usage notes
  • This letter is also used to represent Pinyin initials s- and sh-.

Kashmiri

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /siːn/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/

Letter

س • (s)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the traditional alphabet chart of Kashmiri.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also
  • Previous letter: ژھ‎ (ċh)
  • Next letter: ش‎ (ś)

Kazakh
Alternative scripts
Arabic س
Cyrillic С, с
Latin S, s
Yañalif S, s

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /siːn/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/

Letter

س • (s)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Kazakh in Arabic Script. It represents the Cyrillic letter С.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also

Khowar

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /sin/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/

Letter

س (sīn)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Khowar abjad.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also
  • Previous letter: ݱ‎
  • Next letter: ش‎

Malay

Pronunciation
  • (Name of letter, Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): [sen]
  • (Phoneme) IPA(key): [s]

Letter

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س‎

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Arabic script.
See also
  • (Arabic script letters) ا‎,‎ ب‎,‎ ت‎,‎ ة‎,‎ ث‎,‎ ج‎,‎ چ‎,‎ ح‎,‎ خ‎,‎ د‎,‎ ذ‎,‎ ر‎,‎ ز‎,‎ س,‎ ش‎,‎ ص‎,‎ ض‎,‎ ط‎,‎ ظ‎,‎ ع‎,‎ غ‎,‎ ڠ‎,‎ ف‎,‎ ڤ‎,‎ ق‎,‎ ک‎,‎ ݢ‎,‎ ل‎,‎ م‎,‎ ن‎,‎ و‎,‎ ۏ‎,‎ ه‎,‎ ء‎,‎ ي‎,‎ ى‎,‎ ڽ‎ [edit]

Etymology 2
Malay cardinal numbers
 <  ٠‎ ١ ٢  > ‎
    Cardinal : س

Shortened form of اسا‎, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [sə]
  • Rhymes: -sə, -ə

Numeral

س (Rumi spelling se‎)

  1. one
Synonyms
Derived terms

Pashto

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /sin/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/

Letter

س • (sin)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Pashto alphabet.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also
  • Previous letter: ږ‎
  • Next letter: ش‎

Persian

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? sīn
Dari reading? sīn
Iranian reading? sin
Tajik reading? sin
  • Audio(file)

Letter

ﺱ / ﺳ‍ / ﺴ / ‍ﺲ • (sin)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ژ‎ and followed by ش‎. Its name is سین‎.

Punjabi

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /siːn̪/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /sᵊ/

Letter

س • (sīn)

  1. The eighteenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also
  • Previous letter: ژ‎ (žē)
  • Next letter: ش‎ (šīn)

Sindhi

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /siːn/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/

Letter

س (sīn)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Sindhi abjad.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also
  • Previous letter: ز‎
  • Next letter: ش‎

Urdu

Pronunciation

Letter

س • (sīn)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Urdu abjad.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also
  • Previous letter: ژ‎ (ź)
  • Next letter: ش‎ (ś)

Uyghur

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /se/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/

Letter

س • (se)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Uyghur alphabet.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also
  • Previous letter: ژ‎ (zh)
  • Next letter: ش‎ (sh)

Yoruba

Pronunciation
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /sí/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/

Letter

س (s)

  1. The twentieth letter of the Yoruba alphabet in the ajami script, equivalent to Latin script s.

Forms
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
سـسـسـسـ

See also
  • Previous letter: ر‎
  • Next letter: ش‎
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