建造

Chinese

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Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiànzào

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄗㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gin³ zou⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kien-chho / kian-chho
Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): kiàn-chǒ / kiàn-chō

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiànzào
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄗㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiànzào
  - Wade–Giles: chien⁴-tsao⁴
  - Yale: jyàn-dzàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jianntzaw
  - Palladius: цзяньцзао (czjanʹczao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gin³ zou⁶
  - Yale: gin jouh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gin³ dzou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: gin³ zou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːn³³ t͡sou̯²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kien-chho
  - Hakka Romanization System: gien co
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gian⁴ co⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯en⁵⁵ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kian-chho
  - Hakka Romanization System: gian co
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gian⁴ co⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯an⁵⁵ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiàn-chǒ
  - Tâi-lô: kiàn-tsǒ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡so²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiàn-chō
  - Tâi-lô: kiàn-tsō
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiernzoi
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sɤ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡so³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ t͡so²²/

Verb

建造

(transitive) to build; to construct

Synonyms

修建 (xiūjiàn)
修築／修筑 (xiūzhù)
塑建 (sùjiàn)
建構／建构 (jiàngòu) (something abstract)
建築／建筑 (jiànzhù) (literally or figuratively)
建設／建设 (jiànshè)
搭 (Min Nan)
搭建 (dājiàn)
搭蓋／搭盖 (dāgài) (a temporary structure)
架構／架构 (jiàgòu)
構作／构作 (gòuzuò)
構建／构建 (gòujiàn) (something abstract)
構築／构筑 (gòuzhù)
構造／构造 (gòuzào)
營造／营造 (yíngzào)
版築／版筑 (bǎnzhù) (literary)
築／筑 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
築造／筑造 (zhùzào)
興修／兴修 (xīngxiū) (a large project)
興建／兴建 (xīngjiàn)
興築／兴筑 (xīngzhù) (literary)
起立 (qǐlì)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
建	造
けん Grade: 4	ぞう Grade: 5
kan’on	on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けんぞー [kèńzóó] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [kẽ̞nd͡zo̞ː]

Noun

建(けん)造(ぞう) • (kenzō) ^{←けんざう (kenzau)^?}

construction

Derived terms

建(けん)造(ぞう)物(ぶつ) (kenzōbutsu)

Verb

建(けん)造(ぞう)する • (kenzō suru) ^{←けんざう (kenzau)^?}transitive suru (stem 建(けん)造(ぞう)し (kenzō shi), past 建(けん)造(ぞう)した (kenzō shita))

build, construct
潜(せん)水(すい)艦(かん)を建(けん)造(ぞう)する
sensuikan o kenzō suru
construct a submarine

Conjugation

Conjugation of "建造する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	建造し	けんぞうし	kenzō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	建造し	けんぞうし	kenzō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	建造する	けんぞうする	kenzō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	建造する	けんぞうする	kenzō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	建造すれ	けんぞうすれ	kenzō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	建造せよ¹ 建造しろ²	けんぞうせよ¹ けんぞうしろ²	kenzō seyo¹ kenzō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	建造される	けんぞうされる	kenzō sareru
Causative	建造させる建造さす	けんぞうさせるけんぞうさす	kenzō saseru kenzō sasu
Potential	建造できる	けんぞうできる	kenzō dekiru
Volitional	建造しよう	けんぞうしよう	kenzō shiyō
Negative	建造しない	けんぞうしない	kenzō shinai
Negative continuative	建造せず	けんぞうせず	kenzō sezu
Formal	建造します	けんぞうします	kenzō shimasu
Perfective	建造した	けんぞうした	kenzō shita
Conjunctive	建造して	けんぞうして	kenzō shite
Hypothetical conditional	建造すれば	けんぞうすれば	kenzō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
建	造

Noun

建造

chữ Hán form of kiến tạo.

Verb

建造

chữ Hán form of kiến tạo.

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