鍋

See also: 锅
鍋 U+934B, 鍋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-934B
← 鍊
[U+934A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鍌 →
[U+934C]

Translingual

Han character

鍋 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金月月口 (CBBR), four-corner 87127, composition ⿰釒咼)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1313, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40603
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1814, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4220, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+934B

Chinese
trad. 鍋
simp. 锅
alternative forms 鈛
𩰭
𢧘

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (冎) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
碢 *l'oːl
腡 *ɡ·roːl, *kʷroːl
過 *kloːl, *kloːls
渦 *kloːl, *qloːl
鍋 *kloːl
楇 *kloːl, *ɡloːls
瘑 *kloːl
緺 *koːl, *kroːl, *kʷroːl
堝 *kloːl
濄 *kloːl, *qloːl
鐹 *kloːlʔ, *kloːls
薖 *kʰloːl
簻 *kʰloːl, *kr'oːl
禍 *ɡloːlʔ
窩 *qloːl
萵 *qloːl
檛 *kr'oːl
膼 *kr'oːl
蝸 *kroːl, *kʷroːl
媧 *kroːl, *kʷroːl
騧 *kroːl, *kʷroːl
冎 *kroːlʔ
剮 *kroːlʔ
諣 *qʰroːls, *qʰʷroːls
歄 *kʷroːl
咼 *kʰʷroːl
喎 *kʰʷroːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kloːl) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl).

Etymology 1

Area word; compare Proto-Palaungic *kʔɔɔl (“cooking pot”), Malay kuali (“cooking pot”) (Schuessler, 2007).

For the sense “blame; fault”, it is a clipping of 黑鍋／黑锅 (hēiguō).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • e/er/oe - vernacular;
  • ko/o - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 鍋
Mandarin Beijing /kuo⁵⁵/
Harbin /kuo⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuo²¹/
Jinan /kuə²¹³/
Qingdao /kuə²¹³/
Zhengzhou /kuo²⁴/
Xi'an /kuo²¹/
Xining /ku⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuə⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kuə³¹/
Ürümqi /kuɤ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kuo⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ko⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ko⁵⁵/
Kunming /ko⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ko³¹/
Hefei /kʊ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /kuɤ¹¹/
Pingyao /kuei¹³/
Hohhot /kuɤ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ku⁵³/
Suzhou /kəu⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ku³³/
Wenzhou /ku³³/
Hui Shexian /ko³¹/
Tunxi /o¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ko³³/
Xiangtan /ko³³/
Gan Nanchang /uo⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ko⁴⁴/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɔ⁵⁵/
Nanning /kɔ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /wɔ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ko⁵⁵/
/e⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuo⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ua⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ue³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ko²³/
/ʔdia²¹³/ 訓鼎
Rime
Character 鍋
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古禾切
Baxter kwa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kuɑ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kuɑ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwa/
Li
Rong		 /kuɑ/
Wang
Li		 /kuɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kuɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guō
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gwo1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鍋
Reading # 1/1
No. 4364
Phonetic
component		 冎
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 戈
Old
Chinese		 /*kloːl/
Notes 見方言

Definitions

鍋

  1. cooking pot; pan; wok
  2. (Mainland China, neologism) blame; fault
    我的鍋／我的锅  ―  wǒ de guō  ―  mea culpa; my bad
    甩鍋／甩锅  ―  shuǎi guō  ―  to deflect blame; to deny responsibility
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 鍋 (“wok; cooking pot”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 釜
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 鍋
Mandarin Beijing 鍋
Taiwan 鍋子, 鍋
Jinan 鍋
Xi'an 鍋
Wuhan 鍋 †, 䀇子, 煲
Chengdu 鍋
Guilin 鍋
Yangzhou 鍋子, 鍋
Hefei 鍋
Malaysia 鍋
Singapore 鍋
Cantonese Guangzhou 鑊 †, 煲 ‡, 罉
Hong Kong 鑊 †, 煲 ‡, 罉
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 鑊仔
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 鑊仔
Dongguan 鑊 †, 煲 ‡
Yangjiang 鑊 †, 煲
Baise 煲
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鑊 †, 煲 ‡
Singapore (Guangfu) 鑊 †, 煲 ‡
Gan Nanchang 鍋 †, 鼎罐
Hakka Meixian 鑊頭 †, 鑊 †, 煲, 煲仔, 烳鑼
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 鑊頭 †
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 鑊 †
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 鑊 †
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 鑊頭 †
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 鑊仔 †
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 鑊 †, 鑊頭 †
Boluo (Bendihua) 鑊頭 †
Wuhua (Huacheng) 鑊頭 †
Heyuan (Bendihua) 炒鑊 †
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 鑊仔 †
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 鑊俅 †
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 鑊俅 †
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 鑊 †, 鑊頭 †, 鑊仔蒂 †
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 鑊 †
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 鑊 †
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 鑊頭 †
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 鑊頭 †, 鑊仔 †
Yudu 鑊頭
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鑊仔, 鑊頭 †
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 鑊仔, 鑊頭 †
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 鑊仔, 鑊頭 †
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 鑊, 鑊頭 †
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 鑊仔, 鑊頭 †
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 鑊, 鑊頭 †
Hong Kong 鑊頭
Senai (Huiyang) 鑊頭
Jin Taiyuan 鍋, 銚兒
Min Bei Jian'ou 鼎 †, 鍋仔, 鍋
Min Dong Fuzhou 鼎 †, 鍋鍋, 鍋
Min Nan Xiamen 鼎 †, 鍋仔, 鍋
Quanzhou 鼎 †, 鍋仔
Zhangzhou 鼎 †, 鍋仔
Taipei 鼎 †, 鍋
New Taipei (Sanxia) 鼎 †, 鍋
Kaohsiung 鼎 †, 鍋
Yilan 鼎仔 †, 鍋
Changhua (Lukang) 鼎 †, 鍋
Taichung 鼎 †, 鍋
Taichung (Wuqi) 鼎 †
Tainan 鼎 †, 鼎仔 †, 鍋仔, 鍋
Taitung 鍋仔
Hsinchu 鼎 †, 鍋
Kinmen 鼎 †, 鍋
Penghu (Magong) 鼎 †, 鍋
Penang (Hokkien) 鼎 †, 鍋 ‡, 木磬 ‡
Singapore (Hokkien) 鼎 †, 鍋 ‡
Manila (Hokkien) 鼎 †, 生鍋 ‡
Medan (Hokkien) 鼎 †
Chaozhou 鼎 †, 鍋
Shantou 鼎 †, 鍋
Jieyang 鼎 †, 鍋
Bangkok (Teochew) 鼎 †, 鍋 ‡
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 鍋
Singapore (Teochew) 鼎 †, 鍋 ‡
Pontianak (Teochew) 鍋
Wenchang 鼎 †
Singapore (Hainanese) 鼎 †, 鍋 ‡
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 鐺 †, 煲 ‡
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 鼎
Wu Shanghai 鑊子, 鍋子
Suzhou 鑊子 †, 鍋子
Wenzhou 鑊 †, 鉛鍋兒, 鍋兒
Xiang Changsha 鍋子, 鍋
Shuangfeng 鍋子 †, 爐倉
Note † - wok; ‡ - pot

Compounds

Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 鍋 – see 鐹 (“sickle”).
(This character, 鍋, is a variant form of 鐹).

Japanese

Kanji
鍋

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings
  • Go-on: か (ka)
  • Kan-on: か (ka)
  • Kun: なべ (nabe, 鍋, Jōyō)

Etymology
鍋: traditional nabe (both the pot and the food)
土鍋 (donabe): traditional earthenware nabe
中華鍋 (chūka nabe): "Chinese nabe", a.k.a. wok
タジン鍋 (tajin nabe): a Moroccan tajine
火鍋 (hinabe): a fondue pot
スープ鍋 (sūpu nabe): a soup pot or stockpot
Kanji in this term
鍋
なべ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

⟨nabe2⟩ → */naⁿbəɨ̯/ → /nabe/

From Old Japanese,[1] from Proto-Japonic *nanpay.

Originally a compound of Old Japanese elements 肴 (na, “small snack, hors d'oeuvre”) +‎ 瓮 (he, “a pot or pan for holding food or beverages”).[1][2] The he changes to be as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Noun

鍋(なべ) • (nabe) 

  1. a broad-bottomed pot or pan
    This term is less specific than English pot or pan, and can often be used to refer to either of these. The sample images at right illustrate some of the various items that can be called a nabe in Japanese.
  2. short for 鍋物 (nabemono), a dish where everything is cooked together in a nabe; compare English hot pot or hotdish
    ⇒ 鍋物 (nabemono)
  3. by extension from the sense of someone working with pots and pans, a maidservant
    ⇒ 御鍋 (onabe)

Descendants
  • → Indonesian: nabe
  • → Korean: 냄비 (naembi, “pan, saucepan; pot”)
  • → Sakizaya: nabi

See also

References
  1. Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), →ISBN, page 531
  2. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

鍋 • (gwa) (hangeul 과, revised gwa, McCune–Reischauer kwa, Yale kwa)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鍋: Hán Nôm readings: oa

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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