通過

See also: 通过

Chinese

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Pronunciation

Preposition

通過

  1. via; by; by means of; through

Synonyms

Verb

通過

  1. to pass (a measure, bill, proposal, etc.)
    這樣的贊助在董事會上是很難通過的。 [MSC, trad.]
    这样的赞助在董事会上是很难通过的。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhèyàng de zànzhù zài dǒngshìhuì shàng shì hěn nán tōngguò de. [Pinyin]
    Sponsorship like this would be difficult to pass at the board of directors.
  2. to pass by; to pass through
  3. to pass (a test)
    通過測驗／通过测验  ―  tōngguò cèyàn  ―  to pass a test

Synonyms

Japanese
Kanji in this term
通 過
つう
Grade: 2		 か
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation
    • (Tokyo) つうか [tsùúká] (Heiban – [0])[1]
    • IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝːka̠]

    Noun

    通(つう)過(か) • (tsūka) 

    1. passage through an object
    2. passage of a test in school
    3. passage of a bill
    4. passage through a screening

    Synonyms

    Verb

    通(つう)過(か)する • (tsūka suru) intransitive suru (stem 通(つう)過(か)し (tsūka shi), past 通(つう)過(か)した (tsūka shita))

    1. pass through something
      列車(れっしゃ)が通過(つうか)します。ご注意(ちゅうい)ください。
      Ressha ga tsūka shimasu. Go-chūi kudasai.
      The train is passing by. Please be careful.
    2. pass a test
    3. pass a bill
    4. pass a screening

    Conjugation
    Conjugation of "通過する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
    Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
    Mizenkei ("imperfective") 通過し つうかし tsūka shi
    Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 通過し つうかし tsūka shi
    Shūshikei ("terminal") 通過する つうかする tsūka suru
    Rentaikei ("attributive") 通過する つうかする tsūka suru
    Kateikei ("hypothetical") 通過すれ つうかすれ tsūka sure
    Meireikei ("imperative") 通過せよ¹
    通過しろ²    		 つうかせよ¹
    つうかしろ²    		 tsūka seyo¹
    tsūka shiro²
    Key constructions
    Passive 通過される つうかされる tsūka sareru
    Causative 通過させる
    通過さす    		 つうかさせる
    つうかさす    		 tsūka saseru
    tsūka sasu
    Potential 通過できる つうかできる tsūka dekiru
    Volitional 通過しよう つうかしよう tsūka shiyō
    Negative 通過しない つうかしない tsūka shinai
    Negative continuative 通過せず つうかせず tsūka sezu
    Formal 通過します つうかします tsūka shimasu
    Perfective 通過した つうかした tsūka shita
    Conjunctive 通過して つうかして tsūka shite
    Hypothetical conditional 通過すれば つうかすれば tsūka sureba
    ¹ Written imperative

    ² Spoken imperative

    References
    1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

    Korean
    Hanja in this term
    通過

    Noun

    通過 • (tonggwa) (hangeul 통과)

    1. Hanja form? of 통과 (“passage”).

    Vietnamese
    chữ Hán Nôm in this term
    通過

    Noun

    通過

    1. chữ Hán form of thông qua (“to pass; to let through; to approve”).
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