蔥

See also: 葱

蔥	U+8525, 蔥 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8525

← 蔤
[U+8524]

CJK Unified Ideographs

蔦 →
[U+8526]

Translingual

Han character

蔥 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 廿竹田心 (THWP), four-corner 4433₂, composition ⿱艹悤)

Usage notes

In the mainland China and Hong Kong standards, 蔥 is a variant form of 葱, where the middle component of the character is written as 囱. In the Taiwan stroke order for 蔥, the middle component is written as 囪.

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1055, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31825
Dae Jaweon: page 1517, character 24
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3281, character 2
Unihan data for U+8525

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (囱) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
牎	*sʰroːŋ
窗	*sʰroːŋ
窓	*sʰroːŋ
囱	sʰroːŋ, sʰloːŋ
總	*ʔsloːŋʔ
熜	*ʔsloːŋʔ
傯	*ʔsloːŋʔ
緫	*ʔsloːŋʔ
揔	*ʔsloːŋʔ
偬	ʔsloːŋʔ, ʔsloːŋs
囪	*sʰloːŋ
璁	*sʰloːŋ
驄	*sʰloːŋ
蔥	*sʰloːŋ
匆	*sʰloːŋ
怱	*sʰloːŋ
葱	*sʰloːŋ
楤	*sʰloːŋ
聦	*sʰloːŋ
繱	*sʰloːŋ
騘	*sʰloːŋ
鍯	*sʰloːŋ
聰	*sʰloːŋ
愡	*sʰloːŋs
檧	sloːŋ, sloːŋʔ
憽	*sloːŋ
幒	sʰloŋʔ, kjoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰloːŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 悤 ().

Etymology 1

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

蔥 (1)

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-tsuŋ (“onion”). Cognate with Tibetan བཙོང (btsong), ཙོང (tsong, “onion, scallion”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): cōng (cong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄥ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cong¹

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): цун (cun, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cung¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): tuung¹, tuung^1-4^*
Gan (Wiktionary): cung¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhûng

(Meixian, Guangdong): cung¹
Jin (Wiktionary): cung¹
Min Bei (KCR): chó̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): chĕ̤ng / chŭng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhang / chhong

(Teochew, Peng'im): cang¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ¹tshon
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cong¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cong
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻung¹
  - Yale: tsūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsong
  - Palladius: цун (cun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: cong¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: цун (cun, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cung¹
  - Yale: chūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: tuung¹, tuung^1-4^*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɵŋ³³/, /tʰɵŋ³³⁻²¹⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: cung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: cung´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: cung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: cung¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰũŋ¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chó̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chĕ̤ng / chŭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰøyŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

chĕ̤ng - vernacular;
chŭng - literary.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhang / chhong
  - Tâi-lô: tshang / tshong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhafng, zhofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰaŋ³³/, /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

chhang - vernacular;
chhong - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ¹tshon
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ¹tshon
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: cong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡sʰʊŋ³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sʰən³³/

Middle Chinese: tshuwng

Rime
Character	蔥
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	倉紅切
Baxter	tshuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰəwŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cung¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ʰˤoŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰloːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蔥
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cōng
Middle Chinese	‹ tshuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ʰˁoŋ/
English	onion
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蔥
Reading #	1/1
No.	1821
Phonetic component	囱
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	怱
Old Chinese	/*sʰloːŋ/

Definitions

蔥

green onion; spring onion; scallion (Classifier: 根 m; 棵 m; 把 m; 捆 m; 條／条 c; 樖 c; 紮／扎 c; 叢／丛 mn)
(～屬) Allium
(literary, or in compounds) dark green
青蔥／青葱 ― qīngcōng ― fresh green

Synonyms

(green onion):

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

(onion):

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

(dark green):

深綠／深绿 (shēnlǜ)
濃綠／浓绿 (nónglǜ)
碧 (bì) (literary, or in compounds)
碧綠／碧绿 (bìlǜ)
翠綠／翠绿 (cuìlǜ)
金龜綠／金龟绿 (Min Nan)
鈂綠／𬬵绿 (Min Nan)
青綠／青绿 (qīnglǜ)
墨綠／墨绿 (mòlǜ)
墨綠色／墨绿色 (mòlǜsè)
黛綠／黛绿 (dàilǜ) (literary)

Compounds

三斗蔥／三斗葱
倒栽蔥／倒栽葱 (dàozāicōng)
冬蔥／冬葱
分蔥／分葱
削蔥／削葱
剝蔥／剥葱
大官蔥／大官葱
大蔥／大葱 (dàcōng)
太官蔥／太官葱
小蔥／小葱
山蔥／山葱
愣蔥／愣葱
憨蔥／憨葱
拌蒜加蔥／拌蒜加葱
擰蔥／拧葱
春蔥／春葱
木蔥／木葱
楞頭蔥／楞头葱
樓蔥／楼葱
水蔥／水葱
沙蔥／沙葱
洋蔥／洋葱 (yángcōng)
洋蔥頭／洋葱头 (yángcōngtóu)
漢蔥／汉葱
玉蔥／玉葱 (yùcōng)
玉蔥條／玉葱条
瓏蔥／珑葱
盤怨蔥／盘怨葱
籠蔥／笼葱
籠蔥竹／笼葱竹
細香蔥／细香葱 (xìxiāngcōng)
老蔥／老葱
茖蔥／茖葱
菁蔥／菁葱
蒜蔥／蒜葱
蔥仔／葱仔
蔥倩／葱倩
蔥嶺／葱岭 (Cōnglǐng)
蔥曚／葱曚
蔥曨／葱昽
蔥楚／葱楚
蔥油／葱油
蔥油拌麵／葱油拌面
蔥油雞／葱油鸡
蔥油餅／葱油饼 (cōngyóubǐng)
蔥海／葱海
蔥白／葱白 (cōngbái)
蔥白兒／葱白儿
蔥管／葱管
蔥籠／葱笼 (cōnglóng)
蔥粲／葱粲
蔥綠／葱绿
蔥翠／葱翠
蔥聾／葱聋
蔥芊／葱芊
蔥花／葱花 (cōnghuā)
蔥茂／葱茂
蔥菁／葱菁
蔥蒙／葱蒙
蔥蒨／葱蒨
蔥蔚／葱蔚
蔥蔥／葱葱 (cōngcōng)
蔥蔥郁郁／葱葱郁郁
蔥蘢／葱茏 (cōnglóng)
蔥蘭／葱兰
蔥郁／葱郁
蔥靈／葱灵
蔥青／葱青
蔥頭／葱头 (cōngtóu)
蔥鬍子／葱胡子
蔥鬱／葱郁 (cōngyù)
蔥黃／葱黄
蘢蔥／茏葱 (lóngcōng)
蝦夷蔥／虾夷葱 (xiāyícōng)
裝蔥賣蒜／装葱卖蒜
賣蔥／卖葱
青蔥／青葱 (qīngcōng)
飯店回蔥／饭店回葱
香蔥／香葱
鬱蔥／郁葱
鬱鬱蔥蔥／郁郁葱葱 (yùyùcōngcōng)
鹿蔥／鹿葱
黝蔥／黝葱
龍爪蔥／龙爪葱
龍角蔥／龙角葱

Descendants

Zhuang: coeng

Etymology 2

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chuāng (chuang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄤ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chuāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chuang
  - Wade–Giles: chʻuang¹
  - Yale: chwāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuang
  - Palladius: чуан (čuan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Definitions

蔥

Alternative form of 窗 (chuāng), only used in 蔥靈／葱灵.

References

“蔥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

蔥

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Green onion; leek; scallion
Allium
Green-colored

Readings

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰo̞ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [총]

Hanja

Wikisource 蔥 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, Yale chong)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

蔥: Hán Nôm readings: song, thông

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.