U+5371, 危
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5371

[U+5370]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5372]

Translingual

Stroke order
6 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 26, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 弓一尸山 (NMSU), four-corner 27212, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 159, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2849
  • Dae Jaweon: page 364, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 312, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5371

Chinese

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (person on a cliff or mountain) + (kneeling person).

Written like 𡴲 during the Warring States period, an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (person) + (mountain).

Etymology

Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋō̆j (~-ō̆l) (high, rise) and compares to Burmese ငွား (ngwa:, be large, great, be high, to project prominently above and beyond others), Jingpho [script needed] (ŋoi, to rise, as a hill); & possibly Proto-Kiranti *ŋo-.

Schuessler (2007) notes that Chinese and Written Burmese can be reconciled by assuming an ST final *-l; furthermore, (OC *ŋoi) may be a vocalic variant of (OC *ŋui), which in turn is related to (OC *ŋuih).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • gûi - literary;
  • hûi - vernacular;
  • ûi/lûi - colloquial.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /uei⁵⁵/
Harbin /uei²¹³/
Tianjin /vei²¹/
Jinan /vei⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ve⁴²/
Zhengzhou /uei⁵³/
Xi'an /uei²¹/
Xining /uɨ²⁴/
Yinchuan /vei⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /vei³¹/
Ürümqi /vei⁵¹/
Wuhan /uei²¹³/
Chengdu /uei³¹/
Guiyang /uei²¹/
Kunming /uei³¹/
Nanjing /uəi²⁴/
Hefei /ue⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /vei¹¹/
Pingyao /uei¹³/
Hohhot /vei³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦue²³/
Suzhou /ɦue̞¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦui²¹³/
Wenzhou /ȵy³¹/
Hui Shexian /ue⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ue⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /uei¹³/
Xiangtan /uəi¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ui⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋui¹¹/
Taoyuan /vui¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ŋɐi²¹/
Nanning /ŋɐi²¹/
Hong Kong /ŋɐi²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /gui³⁵/
/hui³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ŋuoi⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ŋy³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ŋũi⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ŋui³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (31)
Final () (14)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjwe
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋˠiuᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋʷᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiuɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋjwiə̆/
Li
Rong
/ŋjue/
Wang
Li
/ŋǐwe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋwie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
wéi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ngai4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
wēi
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngjwe ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ŋ](r)[o]j/
English in danger

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 12781
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋrol/

Definitions

  1. dangerous
    在旦夕   wēizàidànxī   in imminent danger
    居安思   'ānsīwēi   to think of danger in times of safety
  2. (literary) precarious; high
       wēifēng   towering peak
  3. dying
       bìngwēi   critically ill
       chuíwēi   to be critically ill
  4. (literary) upright; proper
    正襟   zhèngjīnwēizuò   to sit straight solemnly
  5. to endanger; to put in danger
       wēi   to endanger
  6. to fear; to be uneasy
    人人自   rénrénzìwēi   everyone feels insecure
  7. (literary) roof
  8. (~宿) (astronomy) the Roof, a Chinese constellation near Aquarius and Pegasus
  9. (Internet slang, ACG) Danger! (Used usually alone by one to warn or tell other participants or viewers of a video, video game, etc. that one or several persons or things are right in danger and dying for help. Originated from a video game.)
  10. a surname

Compounds

  • 三危山 (Sānwēishān)
  • 乘人之危 (chéngrénzhīwēi)
  • 乘危
  • 事危累卵
  • 人人自危 (rénrénzìwēi)
  • 人命危淺人命危浅 (rénmìngwēiqiǎn)
  • 人心惟危
  • 倒懸之危倒悬之危 (dàoxuánzhīwēi)
  • 傾危倾危 (qīngwēi)
  • 危亡 (wēiwáng)
  • 危及 (wēijí)
  • 危在旦夕 (wēizàidànxī)
  • 危坐
  • 危城 (wēichéng)
  • 危如累卵 (wēirúlěiluǎn)
  • 危害 (wēihài)
  • 危宿 (Wēixiù, Wéixiù)
  • 危局 (wēijú)
  • 危屋
  • 危弱
  • 危急 (wēijí)
  • 危惙
  • 危情 (wēiqíng)
  • 危房 (wēifáng)
  • 危於累卵危于累卵
  • 危樓危楼 (wēilóu)
  • 危機危机 (wēijī, wéijī)
  • 危機四伏危机四伏 (wēijīsìfú)
  • 危機意識危机意识
  • 危檣危樯
  • 危殆 (wēidài)
  • 危竿
  • 危篤危笃 (wēidǔ)
  • 危若朝露
  • 危行
  • 危言 (wēiyán)
  • 危言危行
  • 危言正色
  • 危言聳聽危言耸听 (wēiyánsǒngtīng)
  • 危言讜論危言谠论
  • 危邦
  • 危險危险 (wēixiǎn)
  • 危險分子危险分子
  • 危險性危险性 (wēixiǎnxìng)
  • 危險期危险期
  • 危險物危险物
  • 危難危难 (wēinàn)
  • 去危就安
  • 古巴危機古巴危机
  • 國際危機国际危机
  • 垂危 (chuíwēi)
  • 孤危
  • 安不忘危 (ānbùwàngwēi)
  • 安危 (ānwēi)
  • 安必思危
  • 居安思危 (jū'ānsīwēi)
  • 居安慮危居安虑危
  • 居高思危
  • 岌岌可危 (jíjíkěwēi)
  • 忘戰必危忘战必危
  • 忘戰者危忘战者危
  • 慄慄危懼栗栗危惧
  • 扶危 (fúwēi)
  • 扶危定亂扶危定乱
  • 扶危定傾扶危定倾
  • 扶危拯溺
  • 扶危持顛扶危持颠
  • 扶危救困
  • 扶危濟困扶危济困
  • 扶危翼傾扶危翼倾
  • 扶顛持危扶颠持危
  • 拯危扶溺
  • 持危扶顛持危扶颠
  • 拯溺扶危
  • 拯溺濟危拯溺济危
  • 排危
  • 捨安就危舍安就危
  • 撥亂濟危拨乱济危
  • 救困扶危 (jiù kùn fúwēi)
  • 整襟危坐
  • 旦夕之危
  • 桓殷危語桓殷危语
  • 正色危言
  • 正襟危坐 (zhèngjīnwēizuò)
  • 涉危履險涉危履险
  • 涉艱履危涉艰履危
  • 潛在危機潜在危机
  • 濟困扶危济困扶危
  • 濟弱扶危济弱扶危
  • 瀕危濒危 (bīnwēi)
  • 病危 (bìngwēi)
  • 直言危行
  • 知安忘危
  • 石油危機石油危机
  • 破家危國破家危国
  • 累卵之危
  • 經濟危機经济危机 (jīngjì wēijī)
  • 能源危機能源危机
  • 臨危临危 (línwēi)
  • 臨危下石临危下石
  • 臨危不亂临危不乱 (línwēibùluàn)
  • 臨危不懼临危不惧
  • 臨危不撓临危不挠
  • 臨危不顧临危不顾
  • 臨危受命临危受命
  • 臨危履冰临危履冰
  • 臨危授命临危授命 (línwēishòumìng)
  • 臨危效命临危效命
  • 臨危自悔临危自悔
  • 臨危自省临危自省
  • 臨危自計临危自计
  • 臨危致命临危致命
  • 自危
  • 艱危艰危 (jiānwēi)
  • 處安思危处安思危 (chǔ'ānsīwēi)
  • 見危见危
  • 見危受命见危受命
  • 見危授命见危授命
  • 見危致命见危致命
  • 解危
  • 變危為安变危为安
  • 趁人之危
  • 轉危為安转危为安 (zhuǎnwēiwéi'ān)
  • 阽危 (diànwēi)
  • 高而不危
  • 齒危髮秀齿危发秀

Pronunciation 2

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

References

Japanese

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1][2]

󠄁
+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
󠄄
+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. danger

Readings

Compounds

References

  1. 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 372 (paper), page 236 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
  2. 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 261 (paper), page 142 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 위태할 (witaehal wi))

  1. dangerous, precarious
  2. high

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: nguy, ngoay, ngoe, nguầy, ngùy/nguỳ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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