偃

偃 U+5043, 偃
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5043
← 偂
[U+5042] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 偄 →
[U+5044]

Translingual

Han character

偃 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人尸日女 (OSAV), four-corner 21214, composition ⿰亻匽)

Derived characters

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 109, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 830
  • Dae Jaweon: page 233, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 187, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5043

Chinese

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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 偃
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script

s05871

Transcribed ancient scripts

L34792

L16398

L16399

L16400

L16401

L16402

L16403

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (妟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
堰 *qrens, *qanʔ, *qans
躽 *qrens, *qeːnʔ
宴 *qeːnʔ, *qeːns
蝘 *qeːnʔ, *qanʔ
偃 *qanʔ
郾 *qanʔ, *qans
鶠 *qanʔ
褗 *qanʔ, *qans
匽 *qanʔ
鼴 *qanʔ
鰋 *qanʔ
揠 *qreːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qanʔ) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 匽 (OC *qanʔ).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 偃
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 元 (65)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於幰切
Baxter 'jonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔɨɐnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔiɐnX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔiɐnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔɨanX/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiɐnX/
Wang
Li		 /ĭɐnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔɨ̯ɐnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jin2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 偃 偃
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǎn yǎn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjonX › ‹ ʔjonX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔa[n]ʔ/ /*ʔa[n]ʔ/
English bend down Yǎn (ancient state in Shāndōng)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 偃
Reading # 1/1
No. 14384
Phonetic
component		 妟
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 偃
Old
Chinese		 /*qanʔ/

Definitions

偃

  1. to fall on one's back; to lie down; to flop down
  2. to desist; to cease; to stop

Compounds
  • 修文偃武
  • 偃仆
  • 偃仰
  • 偃佒
  • 側偃／侧偃
  • 偃兵息甲
  • 偃師／偃师 (Yǎnshī, “Yanshi”)
  • 偃師縣／偃师县
  • 偃旗息鼓 (yǎnqíxīgǔ)
  • 偃旗臥鼓／偃旗卧鼓
  • 偃月 (yǎnyuè)
  • 偃松
  • 偃武修文
  • 偃武興文／偃武兴文
  • 偃波書／偃波书
  • 偃臥／偃卧
  • 偃草
  • 偃衍
  • 偃蹇
  • 偃蹇困窮／偃蹇困穷
  • 偃鼠
  • 偃鼠飲河／偃鼠饮河
  • 前合後偃／前合后偃
  • 徐偃王
  • 息偃
  • 文修武偃
  • 文偃
  • 日角偃月
  • 武偃文修
  • 狐偃
  • 臥鼓偃旗／卧鼓偃旗
  • 與世偃仰／与世偃仰
  • 草偃 (cǎoyǎn)
  • 草偃風從／草偃风从
  • 草偃風行／草偃风行
  • 言偃
  • 起偃為豎／起偃为竖
  • 韜戈偃武／韬戈偃武
  • 風行草偃／风行草偃 (fēngxíngcǎoyǎn)
  • 鼻偃齒露／鼻偃齿露

Japanese

Kanji
偃

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. dam
  2. weir

Readings

Korean

Hanja

偃 (eum 언 (eon))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

偃: Hán Nôm readings: ễnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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