上層

See also: 上层

Chinese

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Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shàngcéng

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄘㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng⁶ cang⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): song-chhèn
Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): siōng-chân / siāng-chân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shàngcéng
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄘㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shàngcéng
  - Wade–Giles: shang⁴-tsʻêng²
  - Yale: shàng-tséng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanqtserng
  - Palladius: шанцэн (šancɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng⁶ cang⁴
  - Yale: seuhng chàhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng⁶ tsang⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng⁶ ceng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ²² t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: song-chhèn
  - Hakka Romanization System: song cenˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: song⁴ cen²
  - Sinological IPA: /soŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰen¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siōng-chân
  - Tâi-lô: siōng-tsân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioxngzaan
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² t͡san²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡san²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siāng-chân
  - Tâi-lô: siāng-tsân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaxngzaan
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiaŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡san¹³/

Noun

上層

(literally, figuratively) upper strata; upper levels

Derived terms

上層建築／上层建筑 (shàngcéng jiànzhù)
上層社會／上层社会 (shàngcéng shèhuì)
上層路線／上层路线 (shàngcéng lùxiàn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
上	層
じょう Grade: 1	そう Grade: 6
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
上層 (kyūjitai)

Noun

上(じょう)層(そう) • (jōsō)

upper level

Antonyms

下層(かそう) (kasō)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
上	層

Noun

上層

chữ Hán form of thượng tầng (“upper level”).

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