穴

See also: 六, 冘, and 宂

穴	U+7A74, 穴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A74

← 穳
[U+7A73]

CJK Unified Ideographs

穵 →
[U+7A75]

⽳	U+2F73, ⽳ KANGXI RADICAL CAVE

← ⽲
[U+2F72]

Kangxi Radicals

⽴ →
[U+2F74]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

穴 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 十金 (JC), four-corner 3080₂, composition ⿱宀八)

Kangxi radical #116, ⽳.

Derived characters

Appendix:Chinese radical/穴
𠱇, 坹, 𡯜, 岤, 㧒, 泬, 狖, 柼, 𡯠, 𦙮, 𥄴, 𥑫, 𮂾, 袕, 䋉, 𦥨, 𧉢, 䛎, 貁, 𫙕, 鴥(𫛣), 䴳, 𪕏
鴪, 帘, 𧉴, 𧦱, 𥧢, 屄, 茓, 𡢠, 𢱑, 攨, 㴏, 矈, 臱, 邃, 邉

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 862, character 20

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25406

Dae Jaweon: page 1288, character 37

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2718, character 1

Unihan data for U+7A74

Chinese

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 穴
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (穴) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
泬	*qʰʷliːɡ
坹	qʰʷliːɡ, ɡʷliːɡ
穴	*ɡʷliːɡ
袕	ɡʷliːɡ, ɢʷjiɡ
鴪	*ɢʷiɡ

Pictogram (象形) —possibly an entrance to a cave or a door flap.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xué, xuè

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˊ, ㄒㄩㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyut⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hie̍t / hia̍t
Jin (Wiktionary): xueh⁵
Min Bei (KCR): hiē
Min Dong (BUC): hiĕk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hia̍t

(Teochew, Peng'im): huag⁸ / huêg⁸
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ⁸yuq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xué
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syué
  - Wade–Giles: hsüeh²
  - Yale: sywé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyue
  - Palladius: сюэ (sjue)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xuè
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syuè
  - Wade–Giles: hsüeh⁴
  - Yale: sywè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiueh
  - Palladius: сюэ (sjue)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyut⁶
  - Yale: yuht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jyt⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yud⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːt̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hie̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: hied
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hiad⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯et̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hia̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: hiad
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hiad⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯at̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xueh⁵
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕuəʔ⁵⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hiē
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xiɛ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hiĕk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia̍t
  - Tâi-lô: hia̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiat
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hiɛt̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛt̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛt̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiɛt̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛt̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huag⁸ / huêg⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hua̍k / hue̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huak̚⁴/, /huek̚⁴/

Note:

huag8 - Shantou;
huêg8 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ⁸yuq
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ⁵hhyq
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦɥɪʔ¹²/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 穴
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕyɛ⁵¹/ /ɕyɛ³⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕyɛ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ɕye⁵³/
	Jinan	/ɕyə⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ɕyə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕyɛ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Xining	/ɕi²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕye¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕyə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕyɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕye²¹³/ 新 /ɕie²¹³/ 舊
	Chengdu	/ɕie³¹/
	Guiyang	/ɕie²¹/
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ³¹/
	Nanjing	/ɕyeʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/ɕyɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕyəʔ⁵⁴/
	Pingyao	/ɕyʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/ɕyaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦioʔ¹/ /ɦyɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ɦyəʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦyəʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/jy²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕye²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/ɕyɛ⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕie²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕʰyæ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕyɵʔ²/
Hakka	Meixian	/hiat̚⁵/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/hiet̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jyt̚²/
	Nanning	/yt̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/jyt̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hiat̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/hieʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xiɛ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/huak̚⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/hit̚³/

Middle Chinese: hwet

Rime
Character	穴
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	先 (88)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	胡決切
Baxter	hwet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwet̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷet̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɛt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwɛt̚/
Li Rong	/ɣuet̚/
Wang Li	/ɣiwet̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣiwet̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xué
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyut⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤi[t]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷliːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	穴
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xué
Middle Chinese	‹ hwet ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷˁi[t]/
English	cave, pit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穴
Reading #	1/1
No.	14092
Phonetic component	穴
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	穴
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷliːɡ/

Definitions

穴

Synonyms

(hole):

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

(cave):

山洞 (shāndòng)
山空 (Hokkien)
山窿 (Cantonese, Hakka)
岩穴 (yánxué) (literary)
洞穴 (dòngxué)
洞空 (Min Nan)
洞窟 (dòngkū)
石窟 (shíkū)
磅空 ( Taiwanese Hakka)

Compounds

三兔穴
三穴
丙穴
丹穴
丹穴鳥／丹穴鸟
乳穴
井穴
仙穴
俞穴
僻穴
兩鼠鬥穴／两鼠斗穴
八會穴／八会穴
利穴
匪穴 (fěixué)
區穴／区穴
十鼠同穴
十鼠爭穴／十鼠争穴
同穴
吹蝕穴／吹蚀穴 (chuīshíxué)
啞穴／哑穴
回穴
土穴
地穴
堀穴
埽穴犁庭
墓穴 (mùxué)
壺穴／壶穴
壽穴／寿穴 (shòuxué)
太陽穴／太阳穴
孔穴 (kǒngxué)
寒穴
寢穴／寝穴
封穴
山穴
崖穴
巒穴／峦穴
巖居穴處／岩居穴处
巖棲穴處／岩栖穴处
巖穴／岩穴 (yánxué)
巖穴之士／岩穴之士
巢居穴處／巢居穴处
巢穴 (cháoxué)
庚穴
廟穴／庙穴
弊穴
復穴／复穴
戶穴／户穴
掘穴
掃穴／扫穴
掃穴犁庭／扫穴犁庭
探虎穴
曲穴
正穴
武穴 (Wǔxué)
汝穴風／汝穴风
泉穴
洞穴 (dòngxué)
滋穴
潛穴／潜穴
瀽穴
焚巢搗穴／焚巢捣穴
焚巢盪穴／焚巢荡穴
熏穴
爵穴
犁庭掃穴／犁庭扫穴 (lítíngsǎoxué)
狐穴
狡兔三穴
狡穴
猿穴壞山／猿穴坏山
獸穴／兽穴 (shòuxué)
玉枕穴
瓊廚金穴／琼厨金穴
癸穴庚渦／癸穴庚涡
白蟻爭穴／白蚁争穴
百穴珠
盜穴／盗穴
石穴
礦穴／矿穴
祔穴
禁穴
禹穴
穢穴／秽穴
穴乳
穴井
穴人
穴位 (xuéwèi)
穴匈
穴土
穴地
穴垣
穴埳
穴壁
穴子
穴宅
穴室樞戶／穴室枢户
穴寶蓋兒／穴宝盖儿
穴居 (xuéjū)
穴居野處／穴居野处
穴岫
穴巢
穴師／穴师
穴施
穴流
穴灶
穴牆／穴墙
穴牖
穴矛
穴窅
穴窗
穴竄／穴窜
穴竅／穴窍
穴管
穴紙／穴纸
穴群
穴胃
穴胸
穴藏
穴處／穴处
穴處之徒／穴处之徒
穴處知雨／穴处知雨
穴蜜
穴蟻／穴蚁
穴見／穴见
穴見小儒／穴见小儒
穴託／穴托
穴診儀／穴诊仪
穴踵
穴道
穴野
穴門／穴门
穴隙
穴頭／穴头
穴骼
穴鼻
空穴 (kǒngxué)
空穴來風／空穴来风 (kōngxuéláifēng)
穿穴
穿穴踰牆／穿穴逾墙
窖穴
窠穴
窟穴
竅穴／窍穴
管穴
結穴／结穴
經穴／经穴
罅穴
群居穴處／群居穴处
耳穴 (ěrxué)
背穴
腧穴 (shùxué)
臨穴／临穴
薰穴求君
虎穴 (hǔxué)
虎穴得子
虎穴龍潭／虎穴龙潭
蛟穴
蜂房蟻穴／蜂房蚁穴
蜂窠蟻穴／蜂窠蚁穴
蟻穴／蚁穴 (yǐxué)
蟻穴壞堤／蚁穴坏堤
蟻穴潰堤／蚁穴溃堤
蟻穴自封／蚁穴自封
補垣塞穴／补垣塞穴
複穴／复穴
貫穴／贯穴
貴穴／贵穴
賊穴／贼穴
走穴 (zǒuxué)
踰牆鑽穴／逾墙钻穴
蹶穴
迸穴
迴穴／回穴
通穴
逵穴
逾牆鑽穴／逾墙钻穴
郤穴
郝穴 (Hǎoxué)
郭家金穴
郭況穴／郭况穴
郭穴
鄧穴／邓穴
酉穴
金穴
針穴／针穴
銅山金穴／铜山金穴
銅穴／铜穴
鑽穴／钻穴
鑿穴／凿穴
鑽穴踰垣／钻穴逾垣
鑽穴踰墻／钻穴逾墙
鑽穴踰牆／钻穴逾墙
鑽穴踰隙／钻穴逾隙
阿是穴 (āshìxué)
陰穴／阴穴
陶穴
隙穴
隙穴之窺／隙穴之窥
雲穴／云穴
需沙出穴
鞏穴／巩穴
風穴／风穴 (fēngxué)
鬥穴／斗穴
鮒蟄之穴／鲋蛰之穴
鳥鼠同穴／鸟鼠同穴
鳳穴／凤穴
點穴／点穴 (diǎnxué)
黽穴鴝巢／黾穴鸲巢
鼠穴
鼷穴
龍潭虎穴／龙潭虎穴
龍穴／龙穴

References

(Min Nan) “Entry #1869”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Shinjitai	穴
Kyūjitai [1][2][3]	穴󠄁 穴+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	穴󠄄 穴+`󠄄`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

穴

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

hole, opening

Readings

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Compounds

穴(あな)蔵(ぐら) (anagura)
穴(あな)子(ご) (anago): conger eel
穴(けっ)骼(かく) (kekkaku)
穴(けっ)居(きょ) (kekkyo)
穴(けっ)竅(くつ) (kekkutsu)
穴(けっ)掘(くつ) (kekkutsu)
穴(けっ)窟(くつ) (kekkutsu)
穴(けつ)隙(げき) (ketsugeki)
穴(けっ)見(けん) (kekken)
穴(けっ)口(こう) (kekkō)
穴(けつ)竄(ざん) (ketsuzan)
穴(けつ)師(し) (ketsushi)
穴(けつ)室(しつ) (ketsushitsu)
穴(けっ)出(しゅつ) (kesshutsu)
穴(けっ)処(しょ) (kessho)
穴(けつ)人(じん) (ketsujin)
穴(けつ)穽(せい) (ketsusei)
穴(けっ)託(たく) (kettaku)
穴(けっ)地(ち) (ketchi)
穴(けつ)土(ど) (ketsudo)
穴(けつ)洞(どう) (ketsudō)
穴(けつ)道(どう) (ketsudō)
穴(けつ)鼻(び) (ketsubi)
穴(けつ)倮(ら) (ketsura)
岩(いわ)穴(あな) (iwāna)
回(かい)穴(けつ), 廻(かい)穴(けつ) (kaiketsu) (回(かい)泬(けつ))
崖(がい)穴(けつ) (gaiketsu)
空(から)穴(けつ) (karaketsu)
巌(がん)穴(けつ) (ganketsu)
蟻(ぎ)穴(けつ) (giketsu)
九(きゅう)穴(けつ) (kyūketsu)
灸(きゅう)穴(けつ) (kyūketsu)
竅(きょう)穴(けつ) (kyōketsu)
窟(くう)穴(けつ) (kūketsu)
経(けい)穴(けつ) (keiketsu)
虎(こ)穴(けつ) (koketsu)
獣(じゅう)穴(けつ) (jūketsu)
石(せっ)穴(けつ) (sekketsu)
丹(たん)穴(けつ) (tanketsu)
点(てん)穴(けつ) (tenketsu): pressure points
同(どう)穴(けつ) (dōketsu)
洞(どう)穴(けつ) (dōketsu)
風(ふう)穴(けつ) (fūketsu)
墓(ぼ)穴(けつ) (boketsu)
兪(ゆ)穴(けつ) (yuketsu)
六(ろっ)穴(けつ) (rokketsu): the six holes of the human body, which are the mouth, eyes, ears, nose, anus, and genitals

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
穴
あな Grade: 6
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *ana.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あな [ànáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[4][5]
IPA^(key): [a̠na̠]

Noun

穴(あな) • (ana)

hole
Synonym: 孔

靴(くつ)下(した)に穴(あな)が開(あ)いた。
Kutsushita ni ana ga aita.
My socks got a hole in them.
(literally, “A hole opened up in my socks.”)
opening, aperture
Synonym: 口
pit
Synonym: 坑
cave, cavern
Synonym: 洞
lair, den, burrow
Synonym: 窟
loss, deficit
Synonym: 損失 (sonshitsu)
flaw, defect
Synonym: 欠点, 缺点 (ketten)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 穴 – see the following entry.

【けつ】	[noun] (informal) ass; arse; buttocks [noun] (informal) last or hindermost part [noun] (informal) gay sex, sex between two men Alternative spelling 尻

(This term, 穴, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.)

References

白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “穴”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1582 (paper), page 843 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 905 (paper), page 465 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

穴 (eumhun 구멍 혈 (gumeong hyeol))

(구멍 혈, gumeong-): hole, hollow
(구덩이 혈, gudeong'i-): pit, ditch
(굴 혈, gul-): cave, cavern, cavity; den, burrow, sett
(움 혈, um-): dugout

Synonyms

孔 (공, gong) hole
坑 (갱, gaeng) pit
壕 (호, ho) moat, ditch, trench, channel
窟 (굴, gul) cave, den, burrow, tunnel

Compounds

穴居人 (혈거인, hyeolgeoin) cave dweller

Vietnamese

Han character

穴: Hán Nôm readings: huyệt

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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[1] 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “穴”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN

[2] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1582 (paper), page 843 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

[3] 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 905 (paper), page 465 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)

[DJR-4] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-5] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN