على

From Proto-Semitic *ʕalay- (“on, over”). Cognate with Akkadian 𒌋𒅗 (eli), Hebrew עַל‎ ('al), עֲלֵי‎ ('aléi), Aramaic עַל‎ (ʿal).

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.laː/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aː, -laː
• Homophone: عَلَا‎ (ʕalā)

عَلَى • (ʕalā)

1. on, over
2. against

   ‏يَوْمٌ لَكَ وَيَوْمٌ عَلَيْكَ‎‎

   yawmun laka wayawmun ʕalayka

   one day for you, and one day against you

   ‏سَجَّلَ ٱللَّاعِبُ خَمْسَةَ أَهْدَافٍ عَلَى خَصْمِهِ‎

   sajjala l-lāʕibu ḵamsata ʔahdāfin ʕalā ḵaṣmihi

   The player scored five goals against his opponent.

3. expresses obligation
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 24:54:

     ‏وَمَا عَلَى الرَّسُولِ إلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ‎

     wamā ʕalā r-rasūli ʔillā l-balāḡu l-mubīnu

     And the Messenger's only duty is to deliver messages clearly

4. despite
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 13:6:

     ‏وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى ظُلْمِهِمْ‎

     wa-ʔinna rabbaka laḏū maḡfiratin li-n-nāsi ʕalā ẓulmihim

     And indeed, your Lord is full of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing

5. on condition, provided
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 28:27:

     ‏قَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنْكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ٱبْنَتَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ عَلَى أَن تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمَانِيَ حِجَجٍ‎

     qāla ʔinnī ʔurīdu ʔan ʔunkiḥaka ʔiḥdā bnatayya hātayni ʕalā ʔan taʔjuranī ṯamāniya ḥijajin

     He said, "Indeed, I wish to wed you one of these, my two daughters, on the condition that you serve me for eight years,"

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

• (against): لِـ‎ (li-)

• ٱللّٰهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ‎ (allāhumma ṣalli ʕalā muḥammadin wa-ʔāli muḥammadin)
• صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ‎ (ṣallā llāhu ʕalayhī wa-ʔālihī wa-sallama)
• عَلَيْهِ ٱلصَّلَاةُ وَٱلسَّلَامُ‎ (ʕalayhi ṣ-ṣalātu wa-s-salāmu)
• عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ‎ (ʕalayhi s-salāmu)
• سَلَامُ ٱللّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ‎ (salāmu llāhi ʕalayhi)
• عَلَامَ‎ (ʕalāma)

• Maltese: għal

(via third-person singular masculine form عَلَيْهِ‎ (ʕalayhi)):

• → Azerbaijani: əleyh
• → Persian: علیه‎ ('aleyh)
• → Uzbek: alayh

Morphologically from the root ع ل ي‎ (ʕ-l-y).

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.laː/

• Audio

  (file)

• Homophone: عَلَا‎ (ʕalā)

عَلَى • (ʕalā) I, non-past يَعْلِي‎‎ (yaʕlī)

1. (transitive) to climb.

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Morphologically from the root ع ل ي‎ (ʕ-l-y).

• IPA^(key): /ʕu.lan/

عُلًى • (ʕulan) f pl

1. feminine plural of أَعْلَى‎ (ʔaʕlā)

• Freytag, Georg (1835), “على”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 215–216
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “على”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 352–356
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “على”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 746–750

• ع‎ (ʕa-)

From Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

• IPA^(key): /ʕala/

على • (ʕala)

1. on, upon

From Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

• IPA^(key): /ʕala/

على • (ʕala)

1. on, over

   Synonym: عَـ‎ (ʕa, “on, over”)

   ‏حتلاقيه على الرف/عالرف‎

   ḥatlāgī ʕala al-raff/ʕal-raff

   You will find it on rack

2. against

   ‏يوم ليك و يوم عليك‎

   yōm līk u yōm ʕalēk

   one day for you, and one day against you

3. despite

From Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

• IPA^(key): /ʕla/

على • (ʕla)

1. on; upon; onto
2. against
3. expresses obligation

• ع‎ (ʕa-)

From Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

على • (ʕala)

1. on; upon; onto
2. (by extension) with a hint of
3. about (a topic)
4. to (a place)

   ‏عم نسافر ع بيروت‎

   ʕam nsāfir ʕa bayrūt

   We’re travelling to Beirut.

5. Used with an adjective given the definite article, marking it as an adverb

• The personal forms are built from the stem ʕlay- or ʕalay- as in عليكن‎ (ʕ(a)laykun, “on you”).
• Sense 2 is construed as "A Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) B"; literally, "A on B". A is the dominant element in such a construction, not B, even though this seems to conflict with a literal reading:
  1. ‏بوظا على جوز‎

     būẓa ʕala jōz

     walnut-flavored ice cream, or ice cream with walnuts

     (literally, “ice cream on walnuts”)

  2. ‏جوز على بوظا‎

     jōz ʕala būẓa

     ice-cream-flavored walnuts

     (literally, “walnuts on ice cream”)

Picture dictionary
على فوق‎ تحت‎ بـ/‎ في‎ قدام‎ ورا‎ على‎ جنب‎ بين‎
Prepositions of location

From Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

• Shortened form: عـ‎ (ʕa-)

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.la/, [ˈʕa.la]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

على • (ʕala)

1. to, toward

   Antonym: من‎ (min)

   Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

   Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

   Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

2. (location) on, onto, over

   Synonym: فوق‎ (fōʔ, “above”)

   Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

3. (time) at, on

   Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

4. (auxiliary) must, should

   Synonym: لازم‎ (lāzem)

   Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

   Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

From Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

• IPA^(key): /ʕal.la/, [ˈʕal.la]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

علّى • (ʕalla) II (present بعلّي‎ (biʕalli))

1. to raise (the volume, one's voice, etc.)

   Antonym: وطّى‎ (waṭṭa)