ծարաւ
Old Armenian
Etymology
The origin is unknown. Has been compared to Urartian 𒍢𒊏𒁀𒂊 (ṣi-ra-ba-e /ṣirabae/, “uninhabited, unwatered?”)․[1][2]
Noun
ծարաւ • (caraw)
- thirst; drought
- 5th century, Bible, Deuteronomy 8.15:
- Եւ ած զքեզ ընդ անապատն մեծ եւ ընդ ահագին, ուր օձն խածանէր եւ կարիճ եւ ծարաւ, եւ ոչ գոյր ջուր, եւ եհան քեզ յապառաժ վիմէ աղբեւր ջուրց։
- Ew ac zkʿez ənd anapatn mec ew ənd ahagin, ur ōjn xacanēr ew karič ew caraw, ew očʿ goyr ǰur, ew ehan kʿez yapaṙaž vimē ałbewr ǰurcʿ.
- Translation by Brenton Septuagint Translation
- Who brought thee through that great and terrible wilderness, where is the biting serpent, and scorpion, and drought, where there was no water; who brought thee a fountain of water out of the flinty rock.
- Եւ ած զքեզ ընդ անապատն մեծ եւ ընդ ահագին, ուր օձն խածանէր եւ կարիճ եւ ծարաւ, եւ ոչ գոյր ջուր, եւ եհան քեզ յապառաժ վիմէ աղբեւր ջուրց։
Usage notes
According to some dictionaries, ծարաւ (caraw) also means "a kind of serpent, whose bite causes intense thirst",[3] but this is due to a misunderstanding of the passage in Deuteronomy 8:15. See also ծարբ (carb).
Declension
o-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւք (carawkʿ) | |
| genitive | ծարաւոյ (carawoy) | ծարաւոց (carawocʿ) | |
| dative | ծարաւոյ (carawoy) | ծարաւոց (carawocʿ) | |
| accusative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւս (caraws) | |
| ablative | ծարաւոյ (carawoy) | ծարաւոց (carawocʿ) | |
| instrumental | ծարաւով (carawov) | ծարաւովք (carawovkʿ) | |
| locative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւս (caraws) |
u-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւք (carawkʿ) | |
| genitive | ծարաւու (carawu) | ծարաւուց (carawucʿ) | |
| dative | ծարաւու (carawu) | ծարաւուց (carawucʿ) | |
| accusative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւս (caraws) | |
| ablative | ծարաւէ (carawē) | ծարաւուց (carawucʿ) | |
| instrumental | ծարաւու (carawu) | ծարաւուք (carawukʿ) | |
| locative | ծարաւու (carawu) | ծարաւս (caraws) |
Declension
o-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւք (carawkʿ) | |
| genitive | ծարաւոյ (carawoy) | ծարաւոց (carawocʿ) | |
| dative | ծարաւոյ (carawoy) | ծարաւոց (carawocʿ) | |
| accusative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւս (caraws) | |
| ablative | ծարաւոյ (carawoy) | ծարաւոց (carawocʿ) | |
| instrumental | ծարաւով (carawov) | ծարաւովք (carawovkʿ) | |
| locative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւս (caraws) |
u-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւք (carawkʿ) | |
| genitive | ծարաւու (carawu) | ծարաւուց (carawucʿ) | |
| dative | ծարաւու (carawu) | ծարաւուց (carawucʿ) | |
| accusative | ծարաւ (caraw) | ծարաւս (caraws) | |
| ablative | ծարաւէ (carawē) | ծարաւուց (carawucʿ) | |
| instrumental | ծարաւու (carawu) | ծարաւուք (carawukʿ) | |
| locative | ծարաւու (carawu) | ծարաւս (caraws) |
Derived terms
- անծարաւ (ancaraw)
- անծարաւապէս (ancarawapēs)
- անծարաւելի (ancaraweli)
- ծարաւաբար (carawabar)
- ծարաւագոյն (carawagoyn)
- ծարաւական (carawakan)
- ծարաւահատ (carawahat)
- ծարաւահիւծ (carawahiwc)
- ծարաւահիւծեալ (carawahiwceal)
- ծարաւահոծ (carawahoc)
- ծարաւանամ (carawanam)
- ծարաւեմ (carawem)
- ծարաւենամ (carawenam)
- ծարաւի (carawi)
- ծարաւիմ (carawim)
- ծարաւկոտ (carawkot)
- ծարաւութիւն (carawutʿiwn)
- ծարաւումն (carawumn)
- ծարաւուտ (carawut)
- պասքածարաւ (paskʿacaraw)
- պասքածարաւի (paskʿacarawi)
- օգտածարաւ (ōgtacaraw)
- օգտածարաւի (ōgtacarawi)
- օդածարաւի (ōdacarawi)
Descendants
- Armenian: ծարավ (carav)
References
- Ayvazyan, Sargis (2008) Urarteren-hayeren; baṙapašar ew patmahamematakan kʿerakanutʿyun [Urartian–Armenian: Vocabulary and historical-comparative grammar] (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press, page 83
- Petrosean, Armēn (2007), “Stugabanutʿiwnner [Etymologies]”, in Handes Amsorya (in Armenian), issue 1–12, columns 15–18
- J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837), “ծարաւ”, in Baṙgirkʿ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 723b
Further reading
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “ծարաւ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 449ab, leaving the origin open and remarking that the similarity with Arabic صَارَّة (ṣārra, “thirst”) is accidental. The Arabic is indeed not a known word and is primarily glossed “necessity, something that is to be done indispensably”, derived from the root of أَصَرَّ (ʔaṣarra, “to insist”), which could easily have been applied by some poet to the want of water of a desert-traveller and thereafter registered by the lexicographers.
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ծարաւ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “ծարաւ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 360c, unknown origin
- Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 356–959
- Petrosean, Matatʿeay (1879), “ծարաւ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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