yumruk

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish یومروق‎ (yumruk, “fist”), further origin unclear. Either a derivation from Proto-Turkic *yum- (“round”)[1] (see yumak, yumru) or from Proto-Turkic *yudruk (“fist”) with secondary contamination with the former.[2] Clauson thinks it is rather derived from *yumur-, unrecorded causative of Proto-Turkic *yum- (“to close”), in the sense of "something clenched",[3] see yum- (“to close, clench”).

Cognate to Azerbaijani yumruq (“fist”), Chagatai [script needed] (yumruq, “fist”), Turkmen ýumruk (“fist”). Compare also Old Uyghur yydrwq (yïdruq, “fist”), Karakhanid يُذْرُقْ‎ (yuδruq, “fist”), Bashkir йоҙроҡ (yoźroq, “fist”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /jumɾuk/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

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  1. fist

Declension

Lua error: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

References
  1. Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*jɨdruk / *judruk”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  2. Nişanyan, Sevan (2015-05-07), “yumruk”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  3. Clauson, Gerard (1972), “yıdruk”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 892
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