venus
Ido
Latin
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *wénh₁-os ~ *wénh₁-es-os (“loveliness”), from the root *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”).[1] Cognate with Sanskrit वनस् (vánas, “loveliness, desire”) and possibly also cognate with Old Norse vanir and Old English wana (“gods of love”). Some sources, assuming the theonym Venus being the primary sense, consider the plain sense “loveliness” as figurative or transferred, and similarly many edited works show the term as capitalised. Etymological evindence, on the other hand, shows how it is the name of the goddess that derives from this, the original sense, through personification.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu̯e.nus/, [ˈu̯ɛnʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈve.nus/, [ˈvɛːnus]
Noun
venus f (genitive veneris); third declension
- (uncountable) loveliness, attractiveness, beauty, grace, elegance, charm
- (countable) love, beloved (person or object)
- See Venus.
Declension
Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | venus | venerēs |
| Genitive | veneris | venerum |
| Dative | venerī | veneribus |
| Accusative | venerem | venerēs |
| Ablative | venere | veneribus |
| Vocative | venus | venerēs |
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “venus, -eris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 663
Further reading
- “venus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Declension
Fourth/second-declension noun (defective), singular only.
| Case | Singular |
|---|---|
| Nominative | — |
| Genitive | — |
| Dative | vēnuī vēnō |
| Accusative | vēnum |
| Ablative | — |
| Vocative | — |
Further reading
- “venus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- venus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- venus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Middle English
Etymology
From Venus, borrowed from Latin Venus. So named because of its astrological association with the planet.
Noun
venus (uncountable)
- (rare) The reddish-brown metal; copper.
- 1475, The Book of Quintessence:
- This water forsoþe is so strong, þat if a litil drope þerof falle vpon ȝoure hond, anoon it wole perce it þoruȝ-out; and in þe same maner it wole do, if it falle vpon a plate of venus.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Synonyms
See also
References
- “Venus, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 14 June 2018.