cilium

Borrowed from Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɪl.i.əm/
• Rhymes: -ɪliəm

cilium (plural cilia)

1. (cytology) A short microscopic hairlike organelle projecting from a eukaryotic cell (such as a unicellular organism or one cell of a multicelled organism) which serve either for propulsion by causing currents in the surrounding fluid or as sensors.

   Hyponym: primary cilium

2. (entomology) One of the fine hairs along an insect's wing.
3. (botany) Hairs or similar protrusions along the margin of an organ.
4. (anatomy) An eyelash.

• ciliolum

• supercilium

• flagellum

• “cilium”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “cilium”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

From Proto-Italic *keljom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m, which is derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover”). Alternatively compare Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kúlā, “the parts under the eyes”) (though Beekes doubts this connection and derives the latter from Pre-Greek).

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈki.li.um/, [ˈkɪlʲiʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃi.li.um/, [ˈt͡ʃiːlium]

cilium n (genitive ciliī or cilī); second declension

1. (anatomy) eyelid

   Synonym: palpebra

   1. (transferred sense) lower eyelid

      Antonym: supercilium

2. (Medieval Latin, usually in the plural) eyelash

   Synonym: palpebra

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• ciliāris (adjective)
• intercilium
• supercilium

(Several via the plural cilia.)

• Dalmatian:
  • čeja
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: ciglio
  • Sicilian: cigghiu, gigghiu
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: chizu, cillu, chiza
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: cee
  • Istriot: sia
  • Lombard: zida
  • Romagnol: zida
  • Romansch: tschegl
  • Venetian: segia, zheja, cegia, çéi
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: cella
  • Old French: cil, cille
    • French: cil
  • Occitan: cilh, celh, cilha, celha
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: zella
  • Asturian: ceya
  • Galician: cella
  • Portuguese: celha
  • Spanish: ceja, cejo
• Borrowings:
  • Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
  • → Ido: cilio
  • → Portuguese: cílio
  • → Romanian: ciliu
  • → Spanish: cilio
  • → Swedish: cilie

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “cĭlium”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2: C Q K, page 627

• “cilium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• cilium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• cilium in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016