audeo

Latin

Etymology

From avidus (“greedy”) +‎ -eō (stative suffix), hence originally meaning “to be greedy”, as also evidenced by the form sōdēs (“if you please”) < *sī audēs (literally “if you want very much”).[1] For the supine ausum compare also ārdeō : ārsum.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈau̯.de.oː/, [ˈäu̯d̪eoː]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈau̯.de.o/, [ˈäːu̯d̪eo]

Verb

audeō (present infinitive audēre, perfect active ausī or ausus sum, supine ausum); second conjugation, optionally semi-deponent

to dare, venture, risk
Synonym: perīclitor
- 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.1:
  Quam diū quisquam erit quī tē dēfendēre audeat, vīvēs, et vīvēs ita ut nunc vīvis, multīs meīs et firmīs praesidiīs obsessus nē commōvēre tē contrā rem pūblicam possīs. Multōrum tē etiam oculī et aurēs nōn sentientem, sīcut adhūc fēcērunt, speculābuntur atque custōdient.
  As long as one person exists who can dare to defend you, you shall live; but you shall live as you do now, surrounded by my many and trusty guards, so that you shall not be able to stir one finger against the republic: many eyes and ears shall still observe and watch you, as they have hitherto done, though you shall not perceive them.
- 20 BCE – 14 BCE, Horace, Epistles 1.40:
  Sapere audē.
  Dare to be wise.
(poetic) to be eager for battle

Conjugation

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Derived terms

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “audeō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 60–61