< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mьrznǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, from *mьrzě̀ti (“to freeze? to be repulsive? to irritate?”) +‎ *-nǫti. Cognate with Albanian mardhem (“to tremble with cold”), mardhë (“frost”), which Derksen tentatively reconstructs as coming from Proto-Indo-European *merǵ-. Chernykh adds Middle High German murc (“rotten, flabby”), Old Norse morkinn (“rotten”), Old Irish meirc (“rusty”).

Verb

*mьrznǫti impf[1][2]

  1. to freeze

Inflection
Conjugation of *mьrznǫti, *mьrze, *mьrznetь (impf., intr., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*mьrzenьje *mьrznǫti *mьrznǫtъ *mьrzlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive — —
Active *mьrzъ *mьrzny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *mьrz(ox)ъ*mьrze*mьrze *mьrznǫ*mьrzneši*mьrznetь
Dual *mьrz(ox)ově*mьrz(e/os)ta*mьrz(e/os)te *mьrznevě*mьrzneta*mьrznete
Plural *mьrz(ox)omъ*mьrz(e/os)te*mьrzǫ, *mьrzošę *mьrznemъ*mьrznete*mьrznǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *mьrzněaxъ*mьrzněaše*mьrzněaše —*mьrzni*mьrzni
Dual *mьrzněaxově*mьrzněašeta*mьrzněašete *mьrzněvě*mьrzněta—
Plural *mьrzněaxomъ*mьrzněašete*mьrzněaxǫ *mьrzněmъ*mьrzněte—

Derived terms
  • *zamьrznǫti

Descendants
  • Church Slavonic: мръзнѫти (mrŭznǫti)
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: мьрзнꙋти (mĭrznuti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: помръзнѫти (pomrŭznǫti)
      Glagolitic: ⱂⱁⰿⱃⱏⰸⱀⱘⱅⰻ (pomrŭznǫti)
    • Bulgarian: мръзна (mrǎzna)
    • Macedonian: мрзне (mrzne)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: мр̏знути
      Latin script: mȑznuti
    • Slovene: mŕzniti (tonal orthography) (obsolete)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: mrznúti
    • Kashubian: miarznąc
    • Polabian: marznĕ
    • Polish: marznąć, mierznąć (archaic)
    • Slovak: mrznúť
    • Slovincian: mjȧ̃řnȯų̯c, mjìe̯rznȯų̯c
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: mjerznyć
      • Lower Sorbian: marznuś

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “мёрзнуть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 524
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “мерзнуть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьrznǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 163

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mьrznǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 342: “v. ‘freeze’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “mьrznǫti: mьrznǫ mьrznetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 211, 259; PR 133)”
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