< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *múnkāˀ.

Noun

*mǫ̀ka f[1][2]

  1. torment, torture
Declension

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Derived terms
adjective
  • *mǫčivъ
nouns
  • *mǫčenica
  • *mǫčenikъ
  • *mǫčidlo
  • *mǫčiteľь
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: му́ка (múka)
    • Russian: му́ка (múka)
    • Ukrainian: му́ка (múka)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: мѫка (mǫka)
      Glagolitic: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)
    • Bulgarian: мъ́ка (mǎ́ka), мъ́нка (mǎ́nka) (dialectal)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: му̏ка
      Latin script: mȕka
      • Chakavian (Vrgada): mȕka
      • Chakavian (Orbanići): mȕka
    • Slovene: múka (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
  • Non-Slavic:
    • → Hungarian: munka (“work”)
    • → Romanian: muncă (“work”)
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “му́ка”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ǵyéti, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ-, *meh₂ḱ- (“to knead”), see also Sanskrit मचते (macate), Latin mācerō, and Proto-West Germanic *makōn, English make.[3][4]

Noun

*mǭkà f[5][6]

  1. flour
    Synonym: *bȏršьno
Declension

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Descendants

Derived terms
adjectives
  • *mǫčanъ
  • *mǫčistъ
  • *mǫčьnatъ
  • *mǫčьnъ
nouns
  • *mǫčica
  • *mǫčina
  • *mǫčьka
  • *mǫčьnica
  • *mǫčьnikъ
verb
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “мука́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mǫ̀ka”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 329: “f. ā (a) ‘torment, torture’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “mǫka mǫky”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a pine (PR 132; RPT 110)”
  3. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μάσσω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN}
  4. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “2061”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 2061
  5. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mǭkà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 329: “f. ā (b) ‘flour’”
  6. Olander, Thomas (2001), “mǫka mǫky”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b mel (SA 177; PR 135)”
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