< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/appadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *appa-. Cognates include Proto-Samic *vuoppōtēk.
Inflection
Inflection of *appadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *ap'an | *ap'oin | — | *appagon |
| 2nd sing. | *ap'at | *ap'oit | *ap'ak | *appagos |
| 3rd sing. | *appabi *appa |
*appoi | *appagasën | *appagosën |
| 1st plur. | *ap'akmëk *ap'akmak |
*appoimëk *appoimak |
*appagatëmëk *appagatamak |
*appagotëmëk *appagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *ap'aktëk *ap'aktak |
*appoidëk *appoidak |
*appagatë *appagata |
*appagot'ëk *appagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *appabat *appa |
*appoi | *appagasën | *appagosën |
| passive | *ap'aksën *ap'at'aksën |
*appadisën *ap'attisën |
*appadakahën *ap'attakahën |
*appadakohën *ap'attakohën |
| connegative | *ap'ak | — | *appagak | *appagok |
| passive connegative | *ap'aktak | — | *appadagak *ap'attagak |
*appadagok *ap'attagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *ap'akcin | *appoicin | *appanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *ap'akcit | *appoicit | *appanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *ap'akci | *appoici | *appani | |
| 1st plur. | *ap'akcimëk *ap'akcimak |
*appoicimëk *appoicimak |
*appanëmëk *appanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *ap'akcidëk *ap'akcidak |
*appoicidëk *appoicidak |
*appanëdëk *appanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *ap'akci | *appoici | *appani | |
| passive | *appadakcihën *ap'at'akcihën |
*appadicihën *ap'atticihën |
*appadanëhën *ap'attanëhën | |
| connegative | *ap'akcik | *appoicik | *appanëk | |
| passive connegative | *appadakcik *ap'at'akcik |
*appadicik *ap'atticik |
*appadanëk *ap'attanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *appadak | present | *appaba | *appadapa *ap'attapa |
| infinitive 2 | *appadë- | past | *appanut | *appadu *ap'attu |
| gerund/supine | *appama | |||
| action noun | *appaminen | |||
Descendants
References
- Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*appa-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto (in Finnish)
Further reading
- apama in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
- Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “appaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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