< Reconstruction:Latin
Reconstruction:Latin/tiro
 |
This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Latin
Etymology
Contested. Only attested in the Romance languages. Corominas viewed this word as “one of the obscurest matters in neo-Latin etymology, so much so as to be considered insoluble”.[1]
- Possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tir-, *teraną (“to tear, tear away, rip or snatch off, pull violently, tug”).
- Possibly a reduction of Latin *martyrāre, from Ancient Greek μάρτυς (mártus).[2]
- Possibly from a Greek verb transcribed as τείρω (teírō, “to wear out, rub”).[3]
- Possibly from Latin *trare (“drag”), in turn from Latin trahere; or from the latter directly.[4]
- Possibly from an Old Persian form ‘*tīr’ meaning ‘an arrow’; see modern Persian تیر.[5] This is very unlikely.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtiro/
Verb
*tīrō (present infinitive *tīrāre, perfect active *tīrāvī, supine *tīrātum); first conjugation (Proto-Italo-Western-Romance)
Inflection
Italo-Western Romance conjugation of *tīrō
| infinitive | *tirárę | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | *tirántẹs | ||||||
| gerund | *tirándọ | ||||||
| past participle | *tirátọ | ||||||
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| simple tenses | present | *tírọ | *tíras | *tírat | *tirámọs | *tirátẹs | *tírant |
| imperfect | *tirávã | *tirávas | *tirávat | *tiravámọs | *tiravátẹs | *tirávant | |
| perfect | *tirái | *tirásti | *tiráút | *tirámmọs | *tirástẹs | *tirárọnt | |
| pluperfect | *tirárã | *tiráras | *tirárat | *tirarámọs | *tirarátẹs | *tirárant | |
| future perfect | *tirárẽ | *tirárẹs | *tirárẹt | *tirárẹmọs | *tirárẹtẹs | *tirárẹnt | |
| future | *tirárę áviọ | *tirárę ávẹs | *tirárę ávęt | *tirárę avẹ́mọs | *tirárę avẹ́tẹs | *tirárę ávęnt | |
| compound tenses | perfect | *áviọ tirátọ | *ávẹs tirátọ | *ávęt tirátọ | *avẹ́mọs tirátọ | *avẹ́tẹs tirátọ | *ávęnt tirátọ |
| pluperfect | *avẹ́vã tirátọ | *avẹ́vas tirátọ | *avẹ́vat tirátọ | *avẹvámọ tirátọ | *avẹvátẹs tirátọ | *avẹ́vant tirátọ | |
| future perfect | *avẹ́rę áviọ tirátọ | *avẹ́rę ávẹs tirátọ | *avẹ́rę ávęt tirátọ | *avẹ́rę avẹ́mọs tirátọ | *avẹ́rę avẹ́tẹs tirátọ | *avẹ́rę ávęnt tirátọ | |
| conditional | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *tirárę avẹ́vã | *tirárę avẹ́vas | *tirárę avẹ́vat | *tirárę avẹvámọs | *tirárę avẹvátẹs | *tirárę avẹ́vant | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *tírẽ | *tírẹs | *tíręt | *tirẹ́mọs | *tirẹ́tẹs | *tíręnt | |
| imperfect | *tirárẽ | *tirárẹs | *tiráręt | *tirarẹ́mọs | *tirarẹ́tẹs | *tiráręnt | |
| pluperfect | *tirássẽ | *tirássẹs | *tirássęt | *tirassẹ́mọs | *tirassẹ́tẹs | *tirássęnt | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| — | second | — | — | second | — | ||
| present | — | *tíra | — | — | *tirátę | — | |
Descendants
References
- Cortelazzo and Zolli.
- Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing G. Serra; Petit Robert.
- Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing Battisti and Alessio, DEI.
- Cortelazzo and Zolli, citing several authorities.
- Edward A. Roberts. The second of the two meanings is primary in Spanish; the first in French and Italian
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.