π“ˆ™


π“ˆ™ U+13219, 𓈙
EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPH N037
Gardiner number:N37
← π“ˆ˜
[U+13218]
Egyptian Hieroglyphs π“ˆš β†’
[U+1321A]

Egyptian

Glyph origin

Representing a lake or pool. Compare the Chinese character π£Ά’. Detailed Old Kingdom forms cover the interior with vertical zigzags of green or blue rippling water:
N39
(π“ˆœ). A form with a few diagonal lines across the interior
N37A
(π“ˆš) appeared in hieratic and semi-cursive hieroglyphs during the Old Kingdom but rarely appeared in hieroglyphs proper before the Late Period. Another variant adds lines, perhaps to suggest depth:
N38
(π“ˆ›). In general, the glyph is usually colored black/blue. The phonogrammatic value of Ε‘ is derived by the rebus principle from its use as a logogram for Ε‘ (β€œpool, lake”).

Symbol

S
(Ε‘)
  1. Uniliteral phonogram for Ε‘.
  2. Occasional biliteral phonogram for zn in zn (β€œto open”), by confusion with
    X4I
    , a variant of
    X4
    (𓏒).
  3. Logogram for Ε‘ (β€œpool, lake”).
  4. Determinative for bodies of water, interchanging with
    N36
    (π“ˆ˜).
  5. Occasional determinative for irrigated land, by confusion with
    N36
    (π“ˆ˜).
  6. Occasional determinative for stone, by confusion with
    O39
    (π“ŠŒ).

Usage notes

This glyph
S
and the jnr (β€œstone”) logogram and determinative
O39
(π“ŠŒ) are extremely similar. The stone hieroglyph is often drawn shorter/squatter than the pool hieroglyph to distinguish the two. In some inscriptions they could also be distinguished by color: the sides of the pool glyph were blue and the interior water was green, while the stone glyph was often white (representing a whitish stone such as limestone), although sometimes the stone glyph was colored blue instead (perhaps representing a mud-brick, as Egyptian scribes generally used a limited color palette that did not include grey or brown, or a block of dark stone such as basalt or greywacke).

References

  • Gardiner, Alan (1957) Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs, third edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, β†’ISBN, page 491
  • Fischer, Henry (1988) Ancient Egyptian Calligraphy: A Beginner’s Guide to Writing Hieroglyphs, New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, β†’ISBN, page 13
  • BetrΓ², Maria (1995) Geroglifici: 580 Segni per Capire l'Antico Egitto, Milan: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore S.p.A., β†’ISBN
  • Peust, Carsten (1999) Egyptian Phonology: An Introduction to the Phonology of a Dead Languageβ€Ž, GΓΆttingen: Peust und Gutschmidt Verlag GbR, page 48
  • David Nunn, A Palaeography of Polychrome Hieroglyphs (2020)

Further reading

  • Nina Davies, Picture Writing in Ancient Egypt (1958)
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