짠하다
Korean
Etymology
짠 (jjan) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ɕ͈a̠(ː)nɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [짠(ː)하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jjanhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jjanhada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tchanhada |
| Yale Romanization? | ccān.hata |
Adjective
짠하다 • (jjanhada) (infinitive 짠해 or 짠하여, sequential 짠하니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 짠하다 (jjanhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 짠하다 jjanhada |
짠해 jjanhae |
짠해요 jjanhaeyo |
짠합니다 jjanhamnida |
| Past | 짠했다 jjanhaetda |
짠했어 jjanhaesseo |
짠했어요 jjanhaesseoyo |
짠했습니다 jjanhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 짠하냐 jjanhanya |
짠해 jjanhae |
짠해요 jjanhaeyo |
짠합니까 jjanhamnikka |
| Past | 짠했냐 jjanhaennya |
짠했어 jjanhaesseo |
짠했어요 jjanhaesseoyo |
짠했습니까 jjanhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 짠하겠다 jjanhagetda | 짠하겠어 jjanhagesseo | 짠하겠어요 jjanhagesseoyo | 짠하겠습니다 jjanhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 짠해 jjanhae | 짠해서, 짠하여서 jjanhaeseo, jjanhayeoseo | 짠하니 jjanhani | 짠하니까 jjanhanikka | |
| Contrast | 짠하지만 jjanhajiman | 짠한데 jjanhande | 짠하더니 jjanhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 짠하고 jjanhago | ||||
| Condition | 짠하면 jjanhamyeon | 짠해야, 짠하여야 jjanhaeya, jjanhayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 짠함 jjanham | 짠하기 jjanhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 짠했음, 짠하였음 jjanhaesseum, jjanhayeosseum | 짠했기, 짠하였기 jjanhaetgi, jjanhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 짠한 jjanhan | |||
| Future | 짠할 jjanhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 짠하시다 jjanhasida |
짠하셔 jjanhasyeo |
짠하세요, 짠하셔요 jjanhaseyo, jjanhasyeoyo |
짠하십니다 jjanhasimnida |
| Past | 짠하셨다 jjanhasyeotda |
짠하셨어 jjanhasyeosseo |
짠하셨어요 jjanhasyeosseoyo |
짠하셨습니다 jjanhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 짠하시냐 jjanhasinya |
짠하셔 jjanhasyeo |
짠하세요, 짠하셔요 jjanhaseyo, jjanhasyeoyo |
짠하십니까 jjanhasimnikka |
| Past | 짠하셨냐 jjanhasyeonnya |
짠하셨어 jjanhasyeosseo |
짠하셨어요 jjanhasyeosseoyo |
짠하셨습니까 jjanhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 짠하시겠다 jjanhasigetda | 짠하시겠어 jjanhasigesseo | 짠하시겠어요 jjanhasigesseoyo | 짠하시겠습니다 jjanhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 짠하셔 jjanhasyeo | 짠하셔서 jjanhasyeoseo | 짠하시니 jjanhasini | 짠하시니까 jjanhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 짠하시지만 jjanhasijiman | 짠하신데 jjanhasinde | 짠하시더니 jjanhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 짠하시고 jjanhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 짠하시면 jjanhasimyeon | 짠하셔야 jjanhasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 짠하심 jjanhasim | 짠하시기 jjanhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 짠하셨음 jjanhasyeosseum | 짠하셨기 jjanhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 짠하신 jjanhasin | |||
| Future | 짠하실 jjanhasil | ||||
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