龍眼

See also: 龙眼

Chinese

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龍眼

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): lóngyǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄢˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nong² yan³
Cantonese (Jyutping): lung⁴ ngaan⁵, lung⁴ ngaan^5-2
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): liung² ngian³
Jin (Wiktionary): lung¹ ngie²
Min Bei (KCR): lê̤ng-ngǎing
Min Dong (BUC): lèng-ngēng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): lêng-géng / gêng-géng / lêng-kéng / gêng-kéng / lêng-gán / gêng-gán / gêng-ngái / liâng-géng / liông-gán / ngúi-ngúi / liông-kán / lêng-kán / lông-gán / lêng-ngúi

(Teochew, Peng'im): lêng⁵ ngang² / nêg⁸ oin²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lóngyǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lóngyǎn
  - Wade–Giles: lung²-yen³
  - Yale: lúng-yǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: longyean
  - Palladius: лунъянь (lunʺjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lʊŋ³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: nong² yan³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lungjan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /noŋ²¹ iɛn⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lung⁴ ngaan⁵, lung⁴ ngaan^5-2
  - Yale: lùhng ngáahn, lùhng ngáan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lung⁴ ngaan⁵, lung⁴ ngaan^5-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: lung⁴ ngan⁵, lung⁴ ngan^5-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lʊŋ²¹ ŋaːn¹³/, /lʊŋ²¹ ŋaːn¹³⁻³⁵/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: liung² ngian³
  - Sinological IPA: /liʊŋ¹¹ ɲian³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: lung¹ ngie²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /lũŋ¹¹ ŋie⁵³/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lê̤ng-ngǎing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lœyŋ³³ ŋaiŋ²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lèng-ngēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃ɛiŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋɛiŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Lukang, Sanxia, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-géng
  - Tâi-lô: lîng-gíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lenggeang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡiɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Lukang): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡiɪŋ⁵⁵/
  - IPA (Singapore): /leŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ɡeŋ⁴²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Hsinchu, Singapore, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng-géng
  - Tâi-lô: gîng-gíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: genggeang
  - IPA (Lukang): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡiɪŋ⁵⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡiɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiɪŋ²³⁻³³ ɡiɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Penang): /ɡeŋ²³⁻²¹ ɡeŋ⁴⁴⁵/
  - IPA (Singapore): /ɡeŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ɡeŋ⁴²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡiɪŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Yilan, Taichung, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-kéng
  - Tâi-lô: lîng-kíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lengkeang
  - IPA (Yilan): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Singapore): /leŋ²⁴⁻²¹ keŋ⁴²/
- (Hokkien: Tainan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng-kéng
  - Tâi-lô: gîng-kíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gengkeang
  - IPA (Tainan): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-gán
  - Tâi-lô: lîng-gán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lenggarn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡan⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng-gán
  - Tâi-lô: gîng-gán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: genggarn
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng-ngái
  - Tâi-lô: gîng-ngái
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gengngae
  - IPA (Kinmen): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹² ŋãi⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liâng-géng
  - Tâi-lô: liâng-gíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lianggeang
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông-gán
  - Tâi-lô: liông-gán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lionggarn
  - IPA (Singapore): /liɔŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ɡan⁴²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡan⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngúi-ngúi
  - Tâi-lô: nguí-nguí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nguynguie
  - IPA (Philippines): /ŋui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋui⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋuĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋuĩ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông-kán
  - Tâi-lô: liông-kán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liongkarn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kan⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-kán
  - Tâi-lô: lîng-kán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lengkarn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³⁻²² kan⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Singapore, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông-gán
  - Tâi-lô: lông-gán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: longgarn
  - IPA (Philippines): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Singapore): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ɡan⁴²/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-ngúi
  - Tâi-lô: lîng-nguí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lengnguie
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ŋuĩ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Philippines): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ŋui⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: lêng⁵ ngang² / nêg⁸ oin²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lêng ngáng / ne̍k óiⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋaŋ⁵²/, /nek̚⁴⁻² õĩ⁵²/

Note:

lêng5 ngang2 - literary;
nêg8 oin2 - vernacular (usually written as 肉眼).

Middle Chinese: ljowng ngeanX

Rime
Character	龍	眼
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	力鍾切	五限切
Baxter	ljowng	ngeanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨoŋ/	/ŋˠɛn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/lioŋ/	/ŋᵚæn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/lioŋ/	/ŋæn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/luawŋ/	/ŋəɨn^X/
Li Rong	/lioŋ/	/ŋɛn^X/
Wang Li	/lĭwoŋ/	/ŋæn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯woŋ/	/ŋăn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lóng	yǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lung⁴	ngaan⁵

Noun

龍眼

longan (Classifier: 顆／颗 m; 粒 c)
(～葡萄) longyan (type of grape)

Synonyms

(longan):

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Derived terms

揀啊揀，揀著一個賣龍眼／揀啊揀，揀著一个賣龍眼／拣啊拣，拣着一个卖龙眼 (kéng--ah kéng, kéng-tio̍h chi̍t ê bē lêng-géng) (Hokkien)
龍眼乾／龙眼干

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (龍眼):

→ Japanese: 竜眼(りゅうがん) (ryūgan)
→ Korean: 용안(龍眼) (yong'an), 룡안(龍眼) (ryong'an)
→ Vietnamese: long nhãn (Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value))

Others:

→ Bunun: lingkiing
→ English: longan, longyan
→ Finnish: longaani
→ French: longane
→ Indonesian: lengkeng
→ Kanakanabu: ringking
→ Lao: ລຳໃຍ (lam nyai)
→ Malay: longan
→ Paiwan: gingging
→ Puyuma: gingging
→ Rukai: ginggingi
→ Saaroa: lingikingi
→ Saisiyat: lingking
→ Taroko: lingking
→ Thai: ลำไย (lam-yai)
→ Thao: lingkii
→ Uyghur: луңйән (lungyen)

References

“Entry #12140”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
龍	眼
りゅう Jinmeiyō	がん Grade: 5
on’yomi

Noun

龍(りゅう)眼(がん) • (ryūgan)

Kyūjitai form of 竜眼 (“longan”)

Korean

Hanja in this term
龍	眼

Noun

龍眼 • (yong'an) (hangeul 용안)

Hanja form^? of 용안 (“longan”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
龍	眼

Noun

龍眼

chữ Hán form of long nhãn (“longan”).

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