雰囲気

See also: 雰圍氣 and 氛圍

Japanese
Kanji in this term
雰 囲 気
ふん
Grade: S		 い
Grade: 5		 き
Grade: 1
on’yomi kan’on
Alternative spellings
雰圍氣 (kyūjitai)
氛囲気 (uncommon)

Etymology

Appeared in the book on physics 気海観瀾 (Kikai Kanran) of 1827.[1][2] Until the end of the Edo period, the term was used as a translation of Dutch lucht (“air”).[1][2] In the early Meiji period, it became common as a translation of English atmosphere, and in the late Meiji period, it changed to an abstract meaning as it is today.[1][2]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ふんい​き [fùń'íꜜkì] (Nakadaka – [3])[3][4][1]
  • (Tokyo) ふい​んき [fùíꜜǹkì] (Nakadaka – [2]) metathesis, proscribed
  • IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟̃ᵝɰ̃ikʲi]
  • IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝĩŋʲkʲi]

Noun

雰(ふん)囲(い)気(き) • (fun'iki) ←ふんゐき (fun'wiki)?

  1. mood; atmosphere
    Synonym: ムード (mūdo)
    雰(ふん)囲(い)気(き)がいい。
    Fun'iki ga ii.
    It's cozy.
  2. (uncommon) atmosphere (of the Earth or any astronomical body)
    Synonym: 大気 (taiki)

See also
  • Citations:ふいんき

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. “雰囲気”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  4. 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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