美國

See also: 米國 and 米国

Chinese

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Etymology

Attested as early as 1854, possibly as an abbreviation of 亞美理駕洲大合眾國／亚美理驾洲大合众国 (“United States of America”), attested in the Treaty of Wanghia [1844]. 美 (měi) also means "beautiful", which inspires false etymology.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): Měiguó

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄟˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): Мыйгуй (Mɨyguy, II-I) / Мыйгуә (Mɨyguə, II-I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): mei⁵ gwok³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): mei⁴ gok²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Mî-koet

(Meixian, Guangdong): mi¹ guêd⁵
Min Bei (KCR): Mĭ-gŏ
Min Dong (BUC): Mī-guók
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): Bí-kok

(Teochew, Peng'im): mui² gog⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ⁵me-koq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Měiguó
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄟˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Měiguó
  - Wade–Giles: Mei³-kuo²
  - Yale: Měi-gwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Meeigwo
  - Palladius: Мэйго (Mɛjgo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: Мыйгуй (Mɨyguy, II-I) / Мыйгуә (Mɨyguə, II-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mei⁵¹ kuei²⁴/, /mei⁵¹ kuə²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: mei⁵ gwok³
  - Yale: méih gwok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mei⁵ gwok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: méi⁵ guog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mei̯¹³ kʷɔːk̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: mei⁴ gok²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐbei²¹ kɔk̚⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Mî-koet
  - Hakka Romanization System: mi´ gued`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mi¹ gued⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /mi²⁴ ku̯et̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: mi¹ guêd⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /mi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kuɛt̚¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Mĭ-gŏ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi²⁴ ko²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Mī-guók
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)uɔʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bí-kok
  - Tâi-lô: Bí-kok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: by'kog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mui² gog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: múi kok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mui⁵²⁻³⁵ kok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ⁵me-koq
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ²me-koq
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /me̞³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

Proper noun

美國

United States, America (a country in North America)
美國權利法案／美国权利法案 ― Měiguó Quánlì Fǎ'àn ― the United States Bill of Rights

我第一次申請美國旅遊簽證被拒簽了。 [MSC, trad.]
我第一次申请美国旅游签证被拒签了。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ dì yī cì shēnqǐng Měiguó lǚyóu qiānzhèng bèi jùqiān le. [Pinyin]
I was rejected when I applied for a tourist visa for the United States for the first time.

在 20 世紀 60 年代，美國人工智能出現了爆發性的發展。 [MSC, trad.]
在 20 世纪 60 年代，美国人工智能出现了爆发性的发展。 [MSC, simp.]
Zài èrshí shìjì liùshí niándài, Měiguó réngōng zhìnéng chūxiàn le bàofāxìng de fāzhǎn. [Pinyin]
The United States saw an explosive development in artificial intelligence during the 1960s.

Synonyms

米國／米国 (Mǐguó) (Internet slang, often humorous)
美利堅／美利坚 (Měilìjiān) (dated)
美利堅合眾國／美利坚合众国 (Měilìjiān hézhòngguó)
美帝 (měidì) (colloquial, slang, often derogatory)
花旗 (Huāqí) (obsolete or Min Nan)
花旗國／花旗国 (Huāqíguó) (obsolete)
金山 (gam¹ saan¹) (Cantonese, dated)

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Derived terms

美國中央情報局／美国中央情报局
美國人／美国人 (měiguórén)
美國仙丹／美国仙丹
美國佬／美国佬 (Měiguólǎo)
美國信息交換標準代碼／美国信息交换标准代码 (Měiguó Xìnxī Jiāohuàn Biāozhǔn Dàimǎ)
美國內戰／美国内战 (Měiguó Nèizhàn)
美國割包／美国割包
美國化／美国化 (měiguóhuà)
美國塗豆／美国涂豆
美國夢／美国梦 (Měiguómèng)
美國時間／美国时间
美國標準交換碼／美国标准交换码
美國民權聯盟／美国民权联盟 (Měiguó Mínquán Liánméng)
美國聯邦調查局／美国联邦调查局
美國英語／美国英语 (Měiguó Yīngyǔ)
美國資訊交換標準代碼／美国资讯交换标准代码 (Měiguó Zīxùn Jiāohuàn Biāozhǔn Dàimǎ)
美股 (měigǔ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (美國):

→ Korean: 미국(美國) (miguk)
→ Vietnamese: Mĩ Quốc (Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value))

Others:

→ Zhuang: Meijgoz

Korean

Hanja in this term
美	國

Proper noun

美國 • (Miguk) (hangeul 미국)

Hanja form^? of 미국 (“America, United States”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
美	國

Proper noun

美國

chữ Hán form of Mĩ Quốc (“America, United States”).

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