琥珀

Chinese

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Etymology

Probably borrowed from a language in Central Asia during the Han Dynasty; compare Middle Persian khlpʾd (kah-rubāy, “amber”).

The Book of Han:

出封牛、水牛、象、大狗、沐猴、孔爵、珠璣、珊瑚、虎魄、璧流離。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
出封牛、水牛、象、大狗、沐猴、孔爵、珠玑、珊瑚、虎魄、璧流离。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Chū fēngniú, shuǐniú, xiàng, dàgǒu, mùhóu, kǒngjué, zhūjī, shānhú, hǔpò, bìliúlí. [Pinyin]
(The country of Jibin in the Western Regions) produces bison, buffalo, elephants, big dogs (kuchis?), macaques, peacocks, jewels, corals, ambers and cat's eyes.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 琥 珀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 庚 (113)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I II
Fanqie 呼古切 普伯切
Baxter xuX phaek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /huoX/ /pʰˠæk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /huoX/ /pʰᵚak̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xoX/ /pʰak̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /hɔX/ /pʰaɨjk̚/
Li
Rong		 /xoX/ /pʰɐk̚/
Wang
Li		 /xuX/ /pʰɐk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xuoX/ /pʰɐk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hǔ po
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 fu2 pak1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 琥 珀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 5231 200
Phonetic
component		 虍 白
Rime
group		 魚 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 虎 拍
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰlaːʔ/ /*pʰraːɡ/

Noun

琥珀

  1. amber

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (琥珀):
  • → Japanese: Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
  • → Korean: 호박(琥珀) (hobak)
  • → Vietnamese: hổ phách (Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value))

Japanese
Kanji in this term
琥 珀
こ
Jinmeiyō		 はく
Jinmeiyō
kan’on

Pronunciation

Noun

琥(こ)珀(はく) • (kohaku) ←こはく (kofaku)?

  1. amber (fossil resin)

Derived terms

References
  1. 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
琥珀

Noun

琥珀 • (hobak) (hangeul 호박)

  1. Hanja form? of 호박 (“amber”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
琥珀

Noun

琥珀

  1. chữ Hán form of hổ phách (“amber”).
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