姦

See also: 奸 and 姧

姦	U+59E6, 姦 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59E6

← 姥
[U+59E5]

CJK Unified Ideographs

姧 →
[U+59E7]

Translingual

Han character

姦 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女女女 (VVV), four-corner 4044₄, composition ⿱女奻)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 260, character 10

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6217

Dae Jaweon: page 526, character 9

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1048, character 10

Unihan data for U+59E6

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 姦
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (姦) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
姦	*kraːn
葌	*kraːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : Triplication of 女 (“woman”).

Etymology 1

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiān (jian¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ

(Chengdu, SP): jian¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaan¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kiên / kiân

(Meixian, Guangdong): gian¹
Min Bei (KCR): gáing
Min Dong (BUC): găng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kan

(Teochew, Peng'im): gang¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ¹ke; ¹ci

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jian
  - Wade–Giles: chien¹
  - Yale: jyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
  - Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jian¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gian
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaan¹
  - Yale: gāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiên
  - Hakka Romanization System: gien´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯en²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiân
  - Hakka Romanization System: gian´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯an²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /cian⁴⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gáing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaiŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: găng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kan
  - Tâi-lô: kan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kafn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kan³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kan⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ¹ke; ¹ci
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ¹ke; ¹ji
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke̞⁵³/, /t͡ɕi⁵³/

Note:

1ke - vernacular;
1ji - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 姦
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕian²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiã²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕiã²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕian²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiã²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕiɛ̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕiɛ̃⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕien³¹/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕiĩ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕie¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕie³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ke⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕiɪ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕiẽ̞³³/
	Wenzhou	/ka³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕie³¹/ /kɛ³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/kɔ¹¹/ 強～ /t͡siɛ¹¹/ ～賊
Xiang	Changsha	/kan³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kan³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kan⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kian⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/kien²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kan⁵³/
	Nanning	/kan⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kan⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kan⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kaŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kaiŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kaŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kaŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: kaen

Rime
Character	姦
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	刪 (69)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古顔切
Baxter	kaen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠan/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/kɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨn/
Li Rong	/kan/
Wang Li	/kan/
Bernard Karlgren	/kan/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤran/

(Zhengzhang): /*kraːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	姦
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiān
Middle Chinese	‹ kæn ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁran/
English	wicked(ness)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	姦
Reading #	1/1
No.	6027
Phonetic component	姦
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	姦
Old Chinese	/*kraːn/

Definitions

姦

evil; wicked; treacherous
evildoer; treacherous person
姦人／奸人 ― jiānrén ― bad person, evildoer
to stage an armed rebellion or to steal
traitor; betrayer
to commit adultery
通姦／通奸 ― tōngjiān ― to commit adultery
extramarital affair; adultery
to rape
強姦／强奸 ― qiángjiān ― to rape

Compounds

三姦／三奸
五姦／五奸
作姦／作奸
作姦犯科／作奸犯科 (zuòjiānfànkē)
作姦犯罪／作奸犯罪
兆姦／兆奸
入姦／入奸
內姦／内奸 (nèijiān)
八姦／八奸
凶姦／凶奸
刁姦／刁奸
刺姦／刺奸
包藏姦心／包藏奸心
占姦／占奸
告姦／告奸
和姦／和奸
售姦／售奸
四姦／四奸
國姦／国奸
外姦／外奸
大姦／大奸
大姦似忠／大奸似忠
姦亂／奸乱
姦事／奸事
姦人／奸人 (jiānrén)
姦人之雄／奸人之雄
姦伏／奸伏
姦佔／奸占
姦佞／奸佞 (jiānnìng)
姦俠／奸侠
姦便／奸便
姦倖／奸幸
姦偷／奸偷
姦偽／奸伪
姦兇／奸凶
姦兆／奸兆
姦凶／奸凶
姦刁／奸刁
姦利／奸利
姦刻／奸刻
姦匿／奸匿
姦占／奸占
姦吏／奸吏
姦咎／奸咎
姦商／奸商 (jiānshāng)
姦唯／奸唯
姦回／奸回
姦壬／奸壬
姦夫／奸夫 (jiānfū)
姦夫淫婦／奸夫淫妇
姦妄／奸妄
姦姦／奸奸
姦威／奸威
姦媚／奸媚
姦子／奸子
姦孽／奸孽
姦宄／奸宄 (jiānguǐ)
姦官／奸官
姦宿／奸宿
姦富／奸富
姦小／奸小
姦巧／奸巧
姦市／奸市
姦弊／奸弊
姦強／奸强
姦彊／奸强
姦心／奸心
姦怪／奸怪
姦情／奸情 (jiānqíng)
姦惡／奸恶
姦惰／奸惰
姦態／奸态
姦愬／奸愬
姦慝／奸慝
姦慮／奸虑
姦憸／奸𪫺
姦故／奸故
姦敝／奸敝
姦數／奸数
姦暴／奸暴
姦朋／奸朋
姦本／奸本
姦枉／奸枉
姦桀／奸桀
姦權／奸权
姦欺／奸欺
姦殺／奸杀 (jiānshā)
姦毒／奸毒
姦民／奸民
姦汙／奸污 (jiānwū)
姦污／奸污 (jiānwū)
姦法／奸法
姦淫／奸淫 (jiānyín)
姦淫擄掠／奸淫掳掠
姦滑／奸滑
姦漸／奸渐
姦為／奸为
姦牙／奸牙
姦狀／奸状
姦狡／奸狡
姦猖／奸猖
姦猾／奸猾 (jiānhuá)
姦獪／奸狯
姦由／奸由
姦盜／奸盗
姦盜邪淫／奸盗邪淫
姦相／奸相
姦矯／奸矫
姦禽／奸禽
姦私／奸私
姦穢／奸秽
姦端／奸端
姦笑／奸笑 (jiānxiào)
姦細／奸细 (jiānxì)
姦罔／奸罔
姦聲／奸声
姦胥／奸胥
姦膽／奸胆
姦臣／奸臣 (jiānchén)
姦臧／奸臧
姦舋／奸舋
姦色／奸色
姦萌／奸萌
姦蠹／奸蠹
姦行／奸行
姦言／奸言
姦計／奸计 (jiānjì)
姦訛／奸讹
姦詐／奸诈 (jiānzhà)
姦詭／奸诡
姦說／奸说
姦諂／奸谄
姦諜／奸谍
姦謀／奸谋
姦諛／奸谀
姦譎／奸谲
姦譽／奸誉
姦讒／奸谗
姦豎／奸竖
姦豪／奸豪
姦貪／奸贪
姦賊／奸贼 (jiānzéi)
姦贓／奸赃
姦路／奸路
姦軌／奸轨
姦逆／奸逆
姦通／奸通 (jiāntōng)
姦違／奸违
姦道／奸道
姦邪／奸邪 (jiānxié)
姦釁／奸衅
姦鋒／奸锋
姦錢／奸钱
姦鑄／奸铸
姦門／奸门
姦險／奸险 (jiānxiǎn)
姦隱／奸隐
姦雄／奸雄 (jiānxióng)
姦非／奸非
姦頑／奸顽
姦騙／奸骗
姦鹽／奸盐
姦黠／奸黠
姦黨／奸党 (jiāndǎng)
嬴姦買俏／嬴奸买俏
容姦／容奸
宿姦／宿奸
寇姦／寇奸
富姦／富奸
市姦／市奸
強姦／强奸 (qiángjiān)
強姦民意／强奸民意
强姦／强奸 (qiángjiān)
御姦／御奸
微姦／微奸
愚姦／愚奸
憸姦／𪫺奸
懷姦／怀奸
挾姦／挟奸
捉姦／捉奸 (zhuōjiān)
搆姦／构奸
撒姦／撒奸
擊姦／击奸
擒姦擿伏／擒奸擿伏
擒姦討暴／擒奸讨暴
擿姦發伏／擿奸发伏
文姦濟惡／文奸济恶
昭姦／昭奸
朋姦／朋奸
格姦／格奸
檢姦／检奸
權姦／权奸
洞燭姦邪／洞烛奸邪
深姦／深奸
深姦巨猾／深奸巨猾
照姦／照奸
犯姦／犯奸
狼狽為姦／狼狈为奸 (lángbèiwéijiān)
獸姦／兽奸 (shòujiān)
玩姦／玩奸
發姦／发奸
發姦摘伏／发奸摘伏
發姦摘覆／发奸摘覆
發姦擿伏／发奸擿伏
發摘姦隱／发摘奸隐
發擿姦伏／发擿奸伏
百姦／百奸
矯姦／矫奸
破姦發伏／破奸发伏
破柱求姦／破柱求奸
神姦／神奸
神姦巨蠹／神奸巨蠹
禁姦／禁奸
禁姦除猾／禁奸除猾
禦姦／御奸
私姦／私奸
稔姦／稔奸
窮姦極惡／穷奸极恶
老姦／老奸
老姦巨猾／老奸巨猾
行姦／行奸
表裏為姦／表里为奸
討姦／讨奸
詘姦／诎奸
詰姦／诘奸
誘姦／诱奸
調姦／调奸
謀姦／谋奸
豪姦／豪奸
買姦／买奸
賊姦／贼奸
賣俏行姦／卖俏行奸
賣俏迎姦／卖俏迎奸
賣姦／卖奸
贏姦賣俏／赢奸卖俏
起姦／起奸
輪姦／轮奸 (lúnjiān)
迎姦賣俏／迎奸卖俏
逃姦／逃奸
逞姦／逞奸
通姦／通奸 (tōngjiān)
進賢退姦／进贤退奸
進賢黜姦／进贤黜奸
逼姦／逼奸
遘姦／遘奸
遺姦／遗奸
釐姦／釐奸
陰姦／阴奸
雞姦／鸡奸 (jījiān)
革姦剷暴／革奸铲暴
養姦／养奸
黜姦／黜奸

Etymology 2

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): kàn / kán

Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàn / kán
  - Tâi-lô: kàn / kán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaxn, karn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kan²¹/, /kan⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kan⁴¹/, /kan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kan²¹/, /kan⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kan¹¹/, /kan⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kan²¹/, /kan⁴¹/

Note:

kán - monosyllable interjection;
kàn - other usage.

Definitions

姦

(Hokkien, vulgar) to fuck
(Mainland China Hokkien, vulgar) to swear; to curse
(Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar) an interjection used to express one's anger: fuck!
(Singapore Hokkien, slang, vulgar) to scold
伊著姦。／伊著奸。 [Hokkien] ― I tio̍h kàn. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― They got scolded.

Synonyms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

(word to express one's anger): 肏 (cào)

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Compounds

Japanese

Alternative forms

奸, 姧

Kanji

姦

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

wicked
mischief
seduce
rape
noisy

Readings

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Compounds

姦(かしま)しい (kashimashii)
姦悪(かんあく) (kan'aku)
姦淫(かんいん) (kan'in)
姦黠(かんかつ) (kankatsu)
姦譎(かんきつ) (kankitsu)
姦曲(かんきょく) (kankyoku)
姦計(かんけい) (kankei)
姦譎(かんけつ) (kanketsu)
姦詐(かんさ) (kansa)
姦才(かんさい) (kansai)
姦策(かんさく) (kansaku)
姦邪(かんじゃ) (kanja)
姦商(かんしょう) (kanshō)
姦心(かんしん) (kanshin)
姦臣(かんしん) (kanshin)
姦人(かんじん) (kanjin)
姦(かん)する (kansuru)
姦賊(かんぞく) (kanzoku)
姦智(かんち) (kanchi)
姦通(かんつう) (kantsū)
姦徒(かんと) (kanto)
姦盗(かんとう) (kantō)
姦慝(かんとく) (kantoku), 姦慝(かんちょく) (kanchoku)
姦佞(かんねい) (kannei)
姦夫(かんぷ) (kanpu)
姦婦(かんぷ) (kanpu)
姦物(かんぶつ) (kanbutsu)
姦謀(かんぼう) (kanbō)
姦民(かんみん) (kanmin)
姦雄(かんゆう) (kan'yū)
姦濫(かんらん) (kanran)
鶏姦(けいかん) (keikan)
強姦(ごうかん) (gōkan)
屍姦(しかん) (shikan)
視曲(しかん) (shikan)
獣姦(じゅうかん) (jūkan): bestiality (sexual activity)
相姦(そうかん) (sōkan)
賊姦(ぞっかん) (zokkan)
大姦(たいかん) (taikan)
佞姦(ねいかん) (neikan)
有夫姦(ゆうふかん) (yūfukan)
輪姦(りんかん) (rinkan)
和姦(わかん) (wakan)
視姦(しかん) (shikan)

Kanji in this term
姦
かん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Etymology

From Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かん [káꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Adjective

姦(かん) • (kan) -na (adnominal 姦(かん)な (kan na), adverbial 姦(かん)に (kan ni))

wicked

Inflection

Inflection of Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	姦だろ	かんだろ	kan daro
Continuative (連用形)	姦で	かんで	kan de
Terminal (終止形)	姦だ	かんだ	kan da
Attributive (連体形)	姦な	かんな	kan na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	姦なら	かんなら	kan nara
Imperative (命令形)	姦であれ	かんであれ	kan de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	姦ではない姦じゃない	かんではないかんじゃない	kan de wa nai kan ja nai
Informal past	姦だった	かんだった	kan datta
Informal negative past	姦ではなかった姦じゃなかった	かんではなかったかんじゃなかった	kan de wa nakatta kan ja nakatta
Formal	姦です	かんです	kan desu
Formal negative	姦ではありません姦じゃありません	かんではありませんかんじゃありません	kan de wa arimasen kan ja arimasen
Formal past	姦でした	かんでした	kan deshita
Formal negative past	姦ではありませんでした姦じゃありませんでした	かんではありませんでしたかんじゃありませんでした	kan de wa arimasen deshita kan ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	姦で	かんで	kan de
Conditional	姦なら（ば）	かんなら（ば）	kan nara (ba)
Provisional	姦だったら	かんだったら	kan dattara
Volitional	姦だろう	かんだろう	kan darō
Adverbial	姦に	かんに	kan ni
Degree	姦さ	かんさ	kansa

Noun

姦(かん) • (kan)

wickedness, wicked person

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 姦 (MC kaen). Recorded as Middle Korean 간 (kan) (Yale: kan) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ka̠(ː)n]
Phonetic hangul: [간(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 姦 (eumhun 간음할 간 (ganeumhal gan))

Hanja form^? of 간 (“evil; wicked; treacherous”).
Hanja form^? of 간 (“to rape; to fornicate”).

Compounds

수간 (獸姦, sugan)
강간 (強姦, ganggan)
간음 (姦淫, ganeum)
간통 (姦通, gantong)
윤간 (輪姦, yun'gan)
간부 (姦夫, ganbu)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

姦: Hán Nôm readings: gian

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN