女真

See also: 女眞

Chinese

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Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Nǚzhēn

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄩˇ ㄓㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): neoi⁵ zan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Nǚzhēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄩˇ ㄓㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Nyǔjhen
  - Wade–Giles: Nü³-chên¹
  - Yale: Nyǔ-jēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Neujen
  - Palladius: Нюйчжэнь (Njujčžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: neoi⁵ zan¹
  - Yale: néuih jān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: noey⁵ dzan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: nêu⁵ zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɵy̯¹³ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: nrjoX|nrjoH tsyin

Rime
Character	女	女	真
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)	娘 (12)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	魚 (22)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	尼吕切	尼據切	側鄰切
Baxter	nrjoX	nrjoH	tsyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳɨʌ^X/	/ɳɨʌ^H/	/t͡ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳiɔ^X/	/ɳiɔ^H/	/t͡ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/niɔ^X/	/niɔ^H/	/t͡ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳɨə̆^X/	/ɳɨə̆^H/	/cin/
Li Rong	/niɔ^X/	/niɔ^H/	/t͡ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/nĭo^X/	/nĭo^H/	/t͡ɕĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ni̯wo^X/	/ni̯wo^H/	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nǚ	nǜ	zhēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	neoi⁵	neoi⁶	zan¹

Proper noun

女真

(historical) the Jurchen (Nüzhen or Nuchen) people

Synonyms

女真族 (Nǚzhēnzú)
女直 (Nǚzhí)

Derived terms

女真人
女真文 (nǚzhēnwén)
女真族 (Nǚzhēnzú)
女真語／女真语 (nǚzhēnyǔ)

Descendants

→ English: Nuzhen, Nüzhen, Nuchen, Nuchên, Nüchen, Nüchên, Nu-chen, Nu-chên, Nü-chen, Nü-chên

Japanese

Kanji in this term
女	真
じょ Grade: 1	しん Grade: 3
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
女眞 (kyūjitai)

Alternative forms

女眞

Proper noun

女(じょ)真(しん) • (Joshin)

Jurchen; Jurchens (a Tungusic people who inhabited the region of Manchuria until the 17th century, when they adopted the name Manchu)

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