咳

咳 U+54B3, 咳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54B3
← 咲
[U+54B2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 咴 →
[U+54B4]

Translingual

Han character

咳 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口卜女人 (RYVO), four-corner 60082, composition ⿰口亥)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 187, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3555
  • Dae Jaweon: page 406, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 622, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+54B3

Chinese

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (亥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
該 *kɯː
垓 *kɯː
賅 *kɯː
陔 *kɯː
豥 *kɯː, *ɡɯː
荄 *kɯː, *krɯː
郂 *kɯː
姟 *kɯː
絯 *kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ
晐 *kɯː
峐 *kɯː
侅 *kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ
胲 *kɯː
頦 *kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː
奒 *kʰɯː
輆 *kʰɯːʔ
欬 *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds
硋 *ŋɡɯːɡs
閡 *ŋɡɯːɡs
咳 *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː
孩 *ɡɯː
亥 *ɡɯːʔ
劾 *ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ
痎 *krɯː
烗 *kʰrɯːɡs
骸 *ɡrɯː
駭 *ɡrɯːʔ
刻 *kʰɯːɡ
餩 *qɯːɡ
核 *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː) : semantic 口 + phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ).

Pronunciation 1

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Note: koi3 - rare variant.
Note:
  • kai - literary;
  • ka - vernacular.
Note:
  • hai6 - literary;
  • ga1 - vernacular.
Rime
Character 咳
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 戸來切
Baxter hoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦʌi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦəi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦəj/
Li
Rong		 /ɣᴀi/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hái
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 hoi4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 咳
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 kài
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khojH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰˁək-s/
English cough

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

咳

  1. to cough
    咳到好辛苦 [Cantonese]  ―  kat1 dou3 hou2 san1 fu2 [Jyutping]  ―  painfully cough
    咳出一口血來／咳出一口血来  ―  ké chū yī kǒu xiě lái  ―  to cough up a mouthful of blood
  2. cough
Synonyms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Definitions

咳

  1. Used to express sorrow, remorse, or surprise.

Compounds
  • 咳歌打戰／咳歌打战
  • 咳聲嘆息／咳声叹息
  • 咳聲嘆氣／咳声叹气
  • 咳聲打氣／咳声打气

Pronunciation 3

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Rime
Character 咳
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 戸來切
Baxter hoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦʌi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦəi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦəj/
Li
Rong		 /ɣᴀi/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hái
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 hoi4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 咳
Reading # 2/2
No. 4825
Phonetic
component		 亥
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 孩
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡɯː/

Definitions

咳

  1. (of infant) to laugh; to cackle
  2. Alternative form of 孩 (hái, “child; infant”)
  3. interjection for sighing or order
  4. Alternative form of 閡／阂 (“to be cut off from”)

Pronunciation 4

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Definitions

咳

  1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 㩿 (kak1) (Used in 甩咳.)

Japanese

Kanji
咳

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Etymology
Kanji in this term
咳
せき
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

From the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb せく (“to cough”).[1] Cognate with 堰 (seki, “dam”).[2][3][4]

Pronunciation

Noun

咳(せき) • (seki) 

  1. a cough
    咳(せき)が出(で)る ― seki ga deru ― I have a cough.

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

咳 • (hae) (hangeul 해)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

咳: Hán Nôm readings: cay, hãy, hỡi, khái, gay, gây

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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