兇

See also: 凶

兇	U+5147, 兇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5147

← 兆
[U+5146]

CJK Unified Ideographs

先 →
[U+5148]

Translingual

Han character

兇 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 山大竹山 (UKHU), four-corner 2221₇, composition ⿱凶儿)

Derived characters

㟅䣴𣳸𥞝𧧗𧵮𩰷𩷇𤵻𠒋𮨼

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 124, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1348
Dae Jaweon: page 260, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 268, character 3
Unihan data for U+5147

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 兇

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Small seal script

**Small seal script**
s05172

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L30006

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (凶) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
酗	*qʰos
凶	*qʰoŋ
匈	*qʰoŋ
兇	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ
訩	*qʰoŋ
胸	*qʰoŋ
胷	*qʰoŋ
洶	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ
恟	*qʰoŋ
詾	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ

Etymology 1

trad.		兇/凶^*
simp.		凶^*
alternative forms		𠒋

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiōng (xiong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hiûng
Min Dong (BUC): hṳ̆ng
Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): hiong

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syong
  - Wade–Giles: hsiung¹
  - Yale: syūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiong
  - Palladius: сюн (sjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung¹
  - Yale: hūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: hiung´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hiung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯uŋ²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hṳ̆ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiong
  - Tâi-lô: hiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: xjowng, xjowngX

Rime
Character	兇	兇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	許容切	許拱切
Baxter	xjowng	xjowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨoŋ/	/hɨoŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/hioŋ/	/hioŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/xioŋ/	/xioŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huawŋ/	/huawŋ^X/
Li Rong	/xioŋ/	/xioŋ^X/
Wang Li	/xĭwoŋ/	/xĭwoŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯woŋ/	/xi̯woŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiōng	xiǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung¹	hung²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qʰoŋ/, /*qʰoŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	兇	兇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13891	13899
Phonetic component	凶	凶
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	胷	洶
Old Chinese	/*qʰoŋ/	/*qʰoŋʔ/

Definitions

兇

terrible; fearful
fierce; ferocious
ruffian; evildoer; criminal
act of violence; murder; evil
(Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippines Hokkien) ugly
(Cantonese) to intimidate

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 醜 (“ugly”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		醜, 媸
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		醜陋
Mandarin	Beijing	難看, 寒磣, 磣
	Taiwan	難看, 醜
	Jinan	難看, 醜
	Xi'an	難看, 醜, 不心疼
	Wuhan	醜, 不好看
	Chengdu	難看, 醜
	Yangzhou	難看, 醜
	Hefei	難看, 醜, 相壞
	Singapore	難看, 醜
Cantonese	Guangzhou	難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
	Hong Kong	難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
	Dongguan	難睞
	Yangjiang	惡看, 醜鬼
Gan	Nanchang	不客氣, 難看
Hakka	Meixian	難看, 難睞, 醜, 像鬼
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	媸, 醜
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	媸, 醜
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	媸, 醜
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	媸, 醜
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	媸, 醜
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	䆀
Jin	Taiyuan	難看, 醜
Min Bei	Jian'ou	驚人, 毛格式, 生得呆
Min Dong	Fuzhou	驚儂, 驚, 伓好看, 生得呆
Min Nan	Xiamen	歹看, 㾀勢
	Quanzhou	兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
	Jinjiang	兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
	Zhangzhou	䆀看, 㾀勢
	Taipei	歹看, 䆀, 䆀材, 㾀, 䆀猴, 㾀勢
	Kaohsiung	歹看
	Singapore (Hokkien)	歹看
	Manila (Hokkien)	兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
	Chaozhou	孬睇, 野樣, 䆀
	Shantou	野樣
	Jieyang	野樣
Wu	Suzhou	難看, 怕
	Ningbo	難看
	Wenzhou	難覷, 否好覷, 醜
Xiang	Changsha	醜, 不好看, 不打彩
Xiang	Shuangfeng	醜, 不好看

Compounds

兇惡／凶恶 (xiōng'è)
兇懼／凶惧
兇手／凶手 (xiōngshǒu)
兇殘／凶残 (xiōngcán)
兇殺／凶杀 (xiōngshā)
兇焰／凶焰 (xiōngyàn)
兇犯／凶犯 (xiōngfàn)
兇狠／凶狠 (xiōnghěn)
兇猛／凶猛 (xiōngměng)
兇險／凶险 (xiōngxiǎn)
幫兇／帮凶 (bāngxiōng)
步步行兇／步步行凶
真兇實犯／真凶实犯
緝兇／缉凶
行兇／行凶 (xíngxiōng)
頂兇／顶凶
騁兇騁勢／骋凶骋势

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 兇 – see 凶 (“bad luck”). (This character, 兇, is a variant form of 凶).

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00269

Japanese

Kanji

兇

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

ill luck

Readings

Go-on: くう (kū)
Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
Kun: おそれる (osoreru, 兇れる)

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, 兇 is mostly replaced by 凶, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Japanese terms with 兇 replaced by daiyōji 凶

Compounds

兇(きょう)悪(あく) (kyōaku)
兇(きょう)漢(かん) (kyōkan)
兇(きょう)器(き) (kyōki)
兇(きょう)懼(く) (kyōku)
兇(きょう)険(けん) (kyōken)
兇(きょう)行(こう) (kyōkō)
兇(きょう)刃(じん) (kyōjin)
兇(きょう)弾(だん) (kyōdan)
兇(きょう)徒(と) (kyōto)
兇(きょう)犯(はん) (kyōhan)
兇(きょう)変(へん) (kyōhen)
兇(きょう)暴(ぼう) (kyōbō)
元(げん)兇(きょう) (genkyō)

Korean

Hanja

兇 (eumhun 흉악할 흉 (hyung'akhal hyung))

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Compounds

원흉 (元兇, wonhyung)
흉기 (兇器, hyunggi)
흉당 (兇黨, hyungdang)
흉도 (兇徒, hyungdo)
흉맹 (兇猛, hyungmaeng)
흉사 (兇事, hyungsa)
흉수 (兇手, hyungsu)
흉악 (兇惡, hyung'ak)
흉역 (兇逆, hyung'yeok)
흉인 (兇刃, hyung'in)
흉적 (兇賊, hyungjeok)
흉탄 (兇彈, hyungtan)
흉포 (兇暴, hyungpo)
흉학 (兇虐, hyunghak)
흉행 (兇行, hyunghaeng)
흉한 (兇漢, hyunghan)

Vietnamese

Han character

兇: Hán Nôm readings: hung

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