人間

See also: 人间

Chinese

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 人 間
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Initial (聲) 日 (38) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 眞 (43) 山 (73)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III II
Fanqie 如鄰切 古閑切
Baxter nyin kean
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵiɪn/ /kˠɛn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵin/ /kᵚæn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑjen/ /kæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵin/ /kəɨn/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiĕn/ /kɛn/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭĕn/ /kæn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ /kăn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rén jiān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jan4 gaan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 人 間
Reading # 1/1 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rén jiān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyin › ‹ kɛn ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ni[ŋ]/ /*kˁre[n]/
English (other) person interval

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 人 間
Reading # 1/1 1/2
No. 10800 6226
Phonetic
component		 人 閒
Rime
group		 眞 元
Rime
subdivision		 1 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 仁 閒
Old
Chinese		 /*njin/ /*kreːn/
Notes 原作閒同說文

Noun

人間

  1. the human world; the world of mortals

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (人間):
  • → Japanese: Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value); Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
  • → Korean: 인간(人間) (in'gan)
  • → Vietnamese: nhân gian (Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value))

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
人 間
にん
Grade: 1		 けん > げん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From a Buddhist term: 人間界(にんげんかい) (ningenkai, “human world”).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) にんげん [nìńgéń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɲ̟ĩŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

人(にん)間(げん) • (ningen) 

  1. human, person, human being
    人間(にんげん)社会(しゃかい)
    ningen shakai
    human society
  2. personality, character
  3. (Buddhism) literally meaning: "human society", referring to one of the six realms of reincarnation in Buddhist cosmology.

See also

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
人 間
じん
Grade: 1		 かん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

from Middle Chinese 人間 (MC nyin kean|keanH).

Noun

人(じん)間(かん) • (jinkan) 

  1. (archaic) the world in which people live; the world, society
Synonyms

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
人 間
ひと
Grade: 1		 ま
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

人 (hito, “human”) +‎ 間 (ma, “place, space”) This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

人(ひと)間(ま) • (hitoma) 

  1. (dated, rare) a place devoid of people

References
  1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
人間

Noun

人間 • (in'gan) (hangeul 인간)

  1. Hanja form? of 인간 (“people, humanity”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
人間

Noun

人間

  1. chữ Hán form of nhân gian (“the human world; the world of mortals”).
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