شهيد

From the form I verb شَهِدَ‎ (šahida, “to witness, to bear witness”), from the root ش ه د‎ (š-h-d). Semantic evolution from "witness" to "martyr" is probably calqued from Ancient Greek μάρτυς (mártus).

Cognate with Hebrew שָׂהֵד‎ (sahéd).

• Rhymes: -iːd

شَهِيد • (šahīd) m (plural شُهَدَاء‎ (šuhadāʔ), feminine شَهِيدَة‎ (šahīda))

1. witness

   Synonym: شَاهِد‎ (šāhid)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 24:13:

     ‏لَّوۡلَا جَاۤءُو عَلَیۡهِ بِأَرۡبَعَةِ شُهَدَاۤءَ ۚ فَإِذۡ لَمۡ یَأۡتُوا۟ بِٱلشُّهَدَاۤءِ فَأُو۟لَـٰۤىِٕكَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡكَـٰذِبُونَ‎

     lawlā jāʔū ʕalay-hi bi-ʔarbaʕati šuhadāʔa fa-ʔiḏ lam yaʔtū bi-š-šuhadāʔi fa-ʔūlāʔika ʕinda llāhi humu l-kāḏibūna

     Sahih International: And why did the accusers not bring four witnesses to it? If they cannot produce such witnesses, they are the liars in God’s eyes.

2. martyr
3. anyone killed in action

Lua error: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

• → Armenian: շահիդ (šahid)
• → Azerbaijani: şəhid
• → English: shaheed
• → Indonesian: syahid
• → Kazakh: шаһид (şahid), шейіт (şeiıt)
• → Northern Kurdish: şehîd
• → Persian: شهید‎
  • → Urdu: شہید‎
• → Russian: шахид (šaxid)
• → Swahili: shahidi
• → Somali: shahiid
• → Ottoman Turkish: شهید‎
  • → Turkish: şehit
• → Uzbek: shahid

شهید • (šahid)

1. witness, martyr
2. شاهد