شنیدن

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠âšnūdan⁠/, to hear, understand),[1] from Proto-Iranian *ā- + *xšnaw- (to hear; to sharpen the ears). The prefix is from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (at), while the root is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšnaw-, from Proto-Indo-European *ksnew- (to scrape, sharpen).[2] Compare Central Kurdish ژنفتن (žiniftin) (in Sanandaj), Zazaki eşnawitiş (to hear), Northern Luri ٸشنںفتن (ešnaften).

Pronunciation

  • (file)
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʃɪ.niː.d̪ǽn], [ʃʊ.niː.d̪ǽn]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʃɪ.niː.d̪ǽn], [ʃʊ.niː.d̪ǽn]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʃi.ni.d̪ǽn], [ʃu.ni.d̪ǽn]
  • (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃe.niː.d̪ǽn], [ʃo.niː.d̪ǽn]

Readings
Classical reading? šinīḏan, šunīḏan
Dari reading? šinīdan, šunīdan
Iranian reading? šenidan, šonidan
Tajik reading? šunidan

Verb

Dari Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Iranian Persian
Tajik шунидан

شِنیدَن or شُنیدَن • (šenidan or šonidan) (present stem شِنُو (šenow) or شُنُو (šonow))

  1. to hear
    دیدم و نشنیدمشان
    didam o na-šenidam-ešan.
    I saw and didn't hear them.
    • c. 1260, Rumi, “3:69”, in The Masnavi:
      آن شنیدی تو که در هندوستان، دید دانایی گروهی دوستان
      ân šonidi to ke dar hendustân, did dânâyi goruhi-ye dustân
      have you heard that in Hindustan, a wise man saw a group of friends?
  2. to listen
    Synonyms: گوش کردن (guš kardan), گوش دادن (guš dâdan)

Usage notes

In spoken Persian, Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) and شنفتن (šenoftan) can be used interchangeably.

Conjugation

References

  1. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “āšnūdan(ašnaw-)”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 13
  2. Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 456
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