بیش

See also: بيش‎

Chagatai
Chagatai cardinal numbers
 <  ۴‎ ۵ ۶  > ‎
    Cardinal : بیش‎ (beş)
    Distributive : بیشار‎

Numeral

بیش (beş)

  1. five (5)

Descendants
  • Ili Turki: besh
  • Uyghur: بەش‎ (besh)
  • Uzbek: besh

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wyš /⁠wēš⁠/, “more”), probably borrowed from Avestan 𐬠𐬌𐬱‎ (biš, “twice”), from 𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀‎ (daibitiia).[1][2]

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? bēš
Dari reading? bēš
Iranian reading? biš
Tajik reading? beš

Adverb
Dari بیش‎
Iranian Persian
Tajik беш

بیش • (biš)

  1. more
    Synonym: بیشتر‎ (bištar)
    ‏این کشور بیش از پیش ثروتمند است.‎‎
    in kešvar biš az piš servatmand ast.
    This country is wealthier than before.
Descendants
  • → Assamese: বেছি (besi)
  • → Bengali: বেশ (beś)
  • → Urdu: بیش‎ (beś)

References
  1. Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 115
  2. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 487

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (byš /⁠bīš⁠/, “aconite”), from Sanskrit विषा (viṣā, “Aconitum ferox”), from विष (viṣa, “poison”), whence English bikh.

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? bīš
Dari reading? bīš
Iranian reading? biš
Tajik reading? biš

Noun

بیش • (biš)

  1. aconite
Descendants
  • → Arabic: بِيش‎ (bīš)
  • → Middle Armenian: բէշ (bēš), բիշ (biš), պէշ (pēš), պիշ (piš)

Further reading
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), “բէշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 446–447
  • Laufer, Berthold (1919) Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran, with special reference to the history of cultivated plants and products (Fieldiana, Anthropology; 15), volume 3, Chicago: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, page 582
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 18
  • Palatecʿi, Gēorg Dpir (1829), “պիյշ”, in Baṙaran Parskerēn əst kargi haykakan aybubenicʿ [Persian Dictionary in the Order of the Armenian Alphabet] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Boghos Arabian Press, page 442b
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “بیش”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 221

Torwali

Etymology

From Sanskrit वंशी (vaṃśī, “flute”). Compare Hindi बाँसुरी (bā̃surī).

Noun

بیش (bīš)

  1. flute

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بیش‎ (bēš).

Pronunciation

Adjective

بیش • (beš) (Hindi spelling बेश)

  1. more, greater
  2. excess, too much, a lot
    Synonyms: کافِی‎ (kāfī), بَہَت‎ (bahat), خُوب‎ (xūb), اَنیک‎ (anek)

References
  • “بیش”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “بیش”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Ushojo

Noun

بیش (beš)

  1. beam
  2. beam made of wood
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