باک
Persian
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian [Term?] (/wāk/), [Term?] (/wāg/), further etymology unknown.[1] Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *bā(ia)-ka-, from Proto-Iranian *baiH- (“to fear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear, be afraid”).[2][3] Compare Old Armenian վախեմ (vaxem).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [bɑːk]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [bɑːk]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [bɑːk]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [bɔːk]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [bɒːkʲ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bɔk]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | bāk |
| Dari reading? | bāk |
| Iranian reading? | bâk |
| Tajik reading? | bok |
Noun
| Dari | باک |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | бок |
باک • (bâk)
- dread, fear
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 16:
- روزها گر رفت گو رو باک نیست
تو بمان ای آن که چون تو پاک نیست- rōz-hā gar raft gū raw bāk nēst
tu bimān ay ān ki čōn tu pāk nēst - If our days are gone, let them go!—'tis no matter [lit. there is no dread]. Do Thou remain, for none is holy as Thou art!
- rōz-hā gar raft gū raw bāk nēst
- anxiety, care
- Synonym: اندیشه (andiše)
Derived terms
- بیباک (bi-bâk)
Descendants
- → Ottoman Turkish: باك (bâk)
References
- سید احمد رضا قائم مقامی. "نقد فرهنگ ریشه شناختی زبان فارسی." نامه فرهنگستان ویژه نامه فرهنگ نویسی 1، 10 (1394): 147-181.
- Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 3
- Template:R:ira:ESIja
Further reading
- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “bak”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “bāk”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
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