נפש
Hebrew
| Root |
|---|
| נ־פ־שׁ (n-p-š) |
Etymology 1
From Proto-Semitic *napš-. Compare Akkadian 𒆒 (napāšum, “to breathe”), 𒍣 (napištum, “life”), Arabic نَفْس (nafs, “a soul, a life”), and Ge'ez ነፍስ (näfs).
Noun
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- a soul, psyche (spirit of a person or animal)
- life (the state of being alive, of living)
- Genesis 9:5, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- וּמִיַּד הָאָדָם מִיַּד אִישׁ אָחִיו אֶדְרֹשׁ אֶת־נֶפֶשׁ הָאָדָם
- umiyád haadám miyád ísh achív edrósh et-néfesh haadám
- and at the hand of man, even at the hand of every man's brother, will I require the life of man
- Genesis 9:5, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- a person (human being)
- Genesis 36:6, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- וַיִּקַּח עֵשָׂו אֶת־נָשָׁיו וְאֶת־בָּנָיו וְאֶת־בְּנֹתָיו וְאֶת־כָּל־נַפְשׁוֹת בֵּיתוֹ וְאֶת־מִקְנֵהוּ וְאֶת־כָּל־בְּהֶמְתּוֹ וְאֵת כָּל־קִנְיָנוֹ
- vayikákh esáv et-nasháv v'et-banáv v'et-b'notáv v'et-kol-nafshót betó v'et-miknéhu v'et-kol-b'hemtó v'ét kol-kinyanó
- And Esau took his wives, and his sons, and his daughters, and all the souls of his house, and his cattle, and all his beasts, and all his possessions
- Leviticus 21:1, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- לְנֶפֶשׁ לֹא־יִטַּמָּא בְּעַמָּיו
- l'néfesh lo-yitamá b'amáv
- There shall none defile himself for the dead among his people
- Genesis 36:6, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- will (intent, volition)
- Genesis 23:8, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- אִם־יֵשׁ אֶת־נַפְשְׁכֶם לִקְבֹּר אֶת־מֵתִי מִלְּפָנַי
- im-yésh et-nafsh'chém likbór et-metí mil'fanáy
- If it be your mind that I should bury my dead out of my sight
- Genesis 23:8, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- (dated) breath
- Job 41:13, with translation of the New International Version:
- נַפְשׁוֹ גֶּחָלִים תְּלַהֵט וְלַהַב מִפִּיו יֵצֵא׃
- Its breath sets coals ablaze, and flames dart from its mouth.
- Job 41:13, with translation of the New International Version:
Declension
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Derived terms
- (will): מה נפשך
- (life): שם נפשו בכפו
- מַחֲלַת נֶפֶשׁ (makhalát néfesh)
- פיקוח נפש / פִּקּוּחַ נֶפֶשׁ (pikúakh néfesh)
- אַהֲבַת נֶפֶשׁ (akhavát néfesh)
- בְּלֵב וָנֶפֶשׁ (b'lev vanéfesh)
Descendants
- English: nephesh
Further reading
Conjugation
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